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Biology > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

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2
Q

Where is DNA found

A

Nucleus of eukaryotic cells

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3
Q

What are chromosomes

A

Super coiled DNA

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4
Q

What is chromatin

A

Loose DNA

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5
Q

What are Genes

A

Segments of DNA that code for a specific trait

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6
Q

What is DNA made of

A

Nucleotide (monomer)

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7
Q

What is a nucleotide made of

A

Phosphate
Deoxyribo
nitrogen bases

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8
Q

What are the 4 nitrogen bases

A

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

A-T
G-C

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9
Q

What causes a mutation

A

When a Base is incorrectly paired with another base

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10
Q

Who was DNA allegedly discovered by

A

Watson and Crick

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11
Q

Who actually discovered DNA

A

Rosalin Franklin

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12
Q

How many strands does DNA have

A

2

Looks like a twisted ladder

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13
Q

What is DNA’s shape

A

Double helix

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14
Q

What is replication

A

To make a copy

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15
Q

Why does DNA replicate

A

So every cell as a complete set of DNA

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16
Q

Why do cells replicate

A

To replace dead or damaged cells

17
Q

Steps of replication

A

1 starts with DNA molecule in nucleus of cell then helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases
2 2 DNA strands begin to separate DNA begins to unwind and reveal nitrogen bases
3 Another enzyme brings in free nucleotides old DNA bases determine order of bases on new strand
4 continues till 2 new identical DNA molecules

18
Q

Replication step 1

A

Starts with DNA molecule in the nucleus of a cell

An enzyme called helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases

19
Q

Replication step 2

A

The 2 DNA strands begin to separate and the DNA begins to unwind and reveal the nitrogen bases

20
Q

Replication step 3

A

another enzyme brings in free nucleotides the old DNA bases determine the order of bases on the new strand

21
Q

Replication step 4

A

This continues until there are 2 new identical DNA molecules

Biology (10 decks)

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