Drug Interations and Over the Counter Drugs Flashcards
drug interaction
altered effect of a drug as a result of interaction with another drug
undesirable drug effect
adverse drug reaction
drug incompatibility
chemical or physical reaction that occurs among two or more drugs in syringe, IV bag, or other artificial environment outside the body.
- by decreasing or increasing gastric emptying time
- by changing the gastric pH
- by forming drug complexes
absorption of two or more drugs at a time will be effected by
drugs that increase speed of gastric emptying
(laxatives) decrease drug absorption rate
most drugs are absorbed in….
the small intestines
drugs that decrease speed of gastric emptying
(opioids and anticholinergic) increase drug absorption rate
drugs that increase the gastric pH…
decrease absorption of weak acid drugs
diary products, multivitamins, and antacids should be avoided 1 to 2 hours…..
1 hour before and 2 hours after tetracycline or ciprofloxacin… or else drug complex
drugs that promote induction of enzymes and increase drug metabolism
enzyme inducers (phenobarbital)
chronic smoking can increase…
hepatic enzyme activity and can increase theophylline clearance
chronic alcohol use
hepatic enzymes are increased
acute alcohol use
metabolism is inhibited
pharmacodynamic interactions
those that result in additive, synergistic, or antagonistic drug effects
desirable additive effect
diuretic and beta blocker are administered for the treatment of hypertension—work by different mechanisms but given together for further effect
