drugs 3 Flashcards
trafficking
heroin from where
cocaine
cannabis
afgan 74-90% world heroin 15% of gdp linked to taliban
cocaine- columbia peru bolivia. peru cultivation up Morales “us no moral authority”
cannabis-africa n/s america, resin afgan, morocco india
Drug production synthetics
meth
amphetamines
meth almost anywhere- china se asia (kitchen to lab)
amphetamines poland holland
Internet drug trafficking
tor - silk road atlantis harm reduction (Van hout Bingham 2014)
Links to other serious organised crime
People smuggling prosititution counterfitting murder money laundering corruption
“interpol - a means of funding the most violent and destructive criminal and terrorist organisations 2007
organised crime can exist without drug trafficking but the reverse is not true- drugs a force and crime multiplier not only for criminal groups but political and terrorist groups ( polti 1997)
History of drug trafficking policy
Opium wars 1830
Hague convention on drugs (1912)- cocaine and heroin signed by many countries
International opium convention - 1st international drug control treaty - signed
egypt 30-60% hasish insanity cases Mills (2003)
1960 Single convention on narcotic drugs - prohibited use and supply of drugs updated 1971 for mdma
1981 drugs and assets /extradition
Drug trafficking international agencies
un office on drugs and crimes
world customs organisation interpol etc
drug trafficking
US - MEXICO- tunnels valuable supply routes
Schipol airport handlers arrested
Drug trade victims
violence instability corruption
mexico
los zetas beltra leyva
sinaloa cartel
knights templar 70,000 dead in Felipe Calderon War on drugs
Columbia war on drugs - medellin cali cartel plumo or pluto
while america is biggest consumer of drugs south america destined to have trouble
war on drugs murders, execution 1000’s missing
Mynmar- golden triangle
displacement from columbia- mexico peru
