Drugs

Question 1

What class of drug is abciximab?

Answer 1

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor

Question 2

What class of drug is eptifibatide?

Answer 2

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor

Question 3

What class of drug is tirofiban?

Answer 3

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor

Question 4

Side effect of clopidogrel?

Answer 4

Skin rash

Other SEs: diarrhoea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia

Question 5

Side effect of aspirin?

Answer 5

Can precepitate bronchospasm (up to 20% of asthmatic adults)

Gastric side effects: nausea to major GI bleeds

Question 6

Contraindications to ACEi?

Answer 6

Aortic/mitral valve stenosis
Angioedema
Hypersensitivity to ACEis
Bilateral renal artery stenosis
Pregnancy

Question 7

ACEi monitoring?

Answer 7

Baseline BP, urea and electrolytes before starting.
Check BP and U&E’s within 2 weeks of starting/changing dose
Then check BP and U&E’s annually

Question 8

Side effects of ACEi?

Answer 8

First-dose hypotension (avoid excessive diuretics prior to initiation)
Dry cough
Andioedema (rare but potentially life-threatening adverse effect)
Rash

Question 9

Contraindications to beta-blockers?

Answer 9

Asthma
Second or third degree heart block
Severe peripheral vascular disease
Patients on verapamil

Question 10

Adverse effects of CCBs?

Answer 10

Bradycardia
Hypotension
Flushing (gets better with time)
GI disturbance - may make constipation worse
Ankle oedema
Gingival hyperplasia

Question 11

Side effects of statins?

Answer 11

Gi disturbance
Insomnia
Muscle aches and pains, myopathy

Question 12

Adverse effects of nitrates?

Answer 12

Hypotension

Headache

Question 13

How does nicorandil work?

Answer 13

Potassium channel activator

Question 14

Adverse effects of potassium channel activators?

Answer 14

Headache
Dizziness and hypotension
Fludhing
ULCERATION - GI ulceration, skin ulceration, ulceration of the mucosal membranes

Question 15

Adverse effects of ivabradine

Answer 15

Visual symptoms (luminous phenomena, blurred vision)
Bradycardia/ AV 1st degree block
Headache
Dizziness
GI disturbances

Question 16

Side effect of hydralazine

Answer 16

Drug-induced lupus

Question 17

Beta-blockers that improve survival in heart failure?

Answer 17

Bisoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol

Question 18

When would you give digoxin in heart failure?

Answer 18

If symptoms persist despite ACEi, betablocker and aldosterone antagonist
-particularly useful if patient has AF as well!!

Question 19

Vaccines to offer in heart failure

Answer 19

• once off pneumococcal

- annual flu vaccine