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4th Year > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

levadopa s.es

A

Peripheral neuropathy

Arrhythmia, chorea, abnormal dreams, orthostatic hypotension, on-off phenomenon

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2
Q

Dopamine agonists side effects

A

impulse control disorders, constipation, postural hypotension, dyskinesia, hallucination, somolence, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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3
Q

Dopamine agonists

A

Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, Pramipexole, Ropinerole

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4
Q

COMT inhibitors

A

Tolcapone (central), Ertacapone (peripheral)

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5
Q

MAO-B inhibitors

A

Rasagiline selegiline

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6
Q

COMT inhibitors s.e.

A

Liver failure
abdominal pain, constipation, dyskinesia, fatigue, hallucinations, vivid dreams
Red-brown urine, skin hair and nail discolouration

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7
Q

Bisphosphonates

A

Can’t have with CKD

GI irritation and oesophagitiis

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8
Q

MAO-B inhibitors s.es

A

arthralgia, bradycardia, MI, dyspepsia, blurred vision, postural hypotension, SVT

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9
Q

Amantadine side effects

A

Ataxia

Livedo reticularis

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10
Q

Aspirin overdose

A

Tinnitus and dizziness

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11
Q

Tricyclic side effects

A

Arrhythmias causing syncope

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12
Q

phenytoin in the elderly s.es

A

osteoporosis and increase fracture risk

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13
Q

Metoclopramide s.e.

A

occular/ general atonia

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14
Q

amytryptaline s.e

A

worse in elderly

decreases kidney function, peripheral neuropathy, antimuscarinic effects

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15
Q

Ca2+ channel blockers s.e

A

Constipation, decrease detrusor contraction

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16
Q

Donepazil

A

bradycardia, heart block, diarrhoea

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17
Q

Fentanyl/ oxycodone

A

for the renally impaired

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18
Q

Phenothiaxines

A

cause NMS in lewy body dementia

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19
Q

Lithium side effects

A

Diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism, seizures, renal failure

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20
Q

Lamotrigine side effects

A

Blurred vision

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21
Q

Carbamazepine side effects

A

Skin rash, leukopaeniia, AV block, aplastic anaemia

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22
Q

Valproic acid side effects

A

GI, tremor, sedation, alopecia, pancreatitis

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23
Q

Valproic acid contraindications

A

Hepatic disease

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24
Q

Paroxetine

A

SSRI

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25
Citalopram
SSRI
26
SSRI side effects
sexual side effects, GI distress, agitation, insomnia, tremor, diarrhoea, hyponatremia in the elderly
27
SSRI to avoid in pregnancy and why
Paroxetine - cardiac defects, and pulmonary hypertension in the foetus
28
Atypical antidepressants
Bupropion, mirtazapine, trazodone
29
Bupropion contraindication
Epilepsy - decreases seizure threshold | Eating disorders - weight loss
30
Mirtazapine side effects
weight gain, sedation, NO libido change
31
SNRIs
venlafaxine, duloxetine
32
Venlafaxine side effects
diastolic hypertension
33
Clomipramine
TCA
34
nortriptyline
TCA
35
OCD Rx
Clomipramine
36
TCA side effects
sedation, weight gain, dry mouth, tachy, urinary retention, orthostatic hypotension
37
Rx TCA OD
Sodium bicarbonate
38
MAOIs
phenelzine, tranylcycpromine, selegiline
39
MAOI side effects
sexual side effects, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, hypertensive crisis
40
Fingernail hypoplasia
carbamazepine, phenytoin
41
streptomycin teratogenicity
hearing loss, CN VIII damage
42
Trimethadione teratogenicity
cleft lip/ palate, cardiac defects
43
valproic acid teratogenicity
craniofacial defects, neural tube defects
44
Vitamin A teratogenicity
thymic agenesis, craniofacial dysmorphism, microphthalmia, cleft lip/ palate, mental retardation
45
nasal hypoplasia and stippled bone epiphyses
Warfarin use in pregnancy
46
medroxyprogesterone
IM injection
47
Depo injection side effects
Reversible decrease in BMD
48
Antiandrogens
finasteride, spironolactone
49
flushing, nausea, emesis
disulfarim like reaction from drinking alcohol whilst on metronidazole
50
Leuprolide mechanism and use
GnRH analog use for central precocious puberty
51
procyclidine
anticholinergic, acute dystonia
52
oxazepam
alcohol withdrawal with liver damage
53
side effects of methadone
can cause QTc prolongation
54
Clozapine
Agranulocytosis, Myocarditis, Cardiomyopathy, Pulmonary embolism, Sexual side effects, Weight gain, Constipation
55
INR when P450 is inhibited
Increase INR, increase bleeding
56
Antibiotics to avoid in epilepsy
Quinolones - ciprofloxacin | Lower seizure threshold
57
Pioglitazone side effect
Increased risk of fractures, weight gain, fluid retention, liver dysfunction
58
Rifampicin side effects
Orange bodily fluids, rash, hepatotoxicity, drug interactions
59
Isoniazid side effects
Peripheral neuropathy, psychosis, hepatotoxicity
60
Pyrazinamide side effects
Arthralgia, gout, hepatotoxicity, nausea
61
Ethambutol side effects
Optic neuritis, rash
62
Ca channel blocker side effect
``` Peripheral oedema (Change to indapamide) Headache, flushing, ankle oedema ```
63
unfractionated heparin
requires APTT monitoring
64
Antibiotics to avoid in renal failure
tetracyclines, nitrofurantoin
65
Drugs implicated in serotonin syndrome
Any of These Treatments Love Myoclonus | Antidepressants, Ondansetron, Triptans, Tramadol, Linezolid, Meperidine
66
Antipsychotic associated with cataracts
Quetiapine
67
Fluoxetine use in 3rd trimester
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
68
Can't have X with clarythromycin
Statins!
69
Ciprofloxacin s.e.
Reduces seizure threshold, tendonitis
70
Tetrabenazine Rx use
Tardive dyskinesia
71
Acute dystonia Rx
Procyclidine, benztropine
72
Prazosin use in psychiatry
alpha 1 blocker, used for PTSD nightmares
73
Drug induced depression
antihypertensives, steroids, OCP
74
Venlafaxine s.e.
Diastolic hypertension
75
Cyclizine s.e.
tachyarrhythmias
76
diclofenac s.e.
porphyria
77
don't give cyclizine to
people with heart failure
78
memantine mechanism
partial NMDA receptor antagonist
79
Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia
donepizil, galantamine, rivastigmine
80
Rx akathesia
B blockers, mirtazapine, benzodiazapines
81
Erythromycin s.e.
GI upset, prolongs QT interval
82
Flucloxacillin s.e.
Cholestasis
83
Doxasosin s.e.
postural hypotension
84
Thiazides s.e.
Gout, hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia, impaired glucose tolerance
85
Precipitates digoxin toxicity
Low Mg + K (fghij...KLM..nop) | High Na + Ca (CaHN)
86
Arterial injection propofol
hyperaemia, distal blanching
87
Arterial atracurium
ischaemia
88
Arterial ketamine
necrosis
89
Arterial phyentoin/ thiopental
ischaemia, necrosis, death
90
Cyclizine mechanism of action
H1 antagonist
91
Prochlorperazine mechainsm
D2 antagonist
92
mild steroid
hydrocortisone
93
moderate steroid
betnovate
94
potent steroid
beclometasone
95
very potent
dermovate
96
necrobiosis lipoidica
Diabetes
97
misoprostol
Synthetic prostaglandin analogue
98
high bicarb
metabolic alkalosis
99
low bicarb
metabolic acidosis
100
high CO2
respiratory acidosis
101
low CO2
respiratory alkalosis
102
Clonazepam should be avoided
in renal failure
103
increases glucose uptake, decreases GNG
metformin
104
closes K+ channel, releases insulin
Sulfonureas (gliclizide)
105
Binds PPAR-y, increases inulin sensitivity
Glitazones
106
Binds K+ channel, releases insulin
Natglinide
107
side effects sulfonureas + meglinides
weight gain, hypos, SIADH, cholestatic liver dysfunction
108
metformin side effects
weight loss
109
pioglitazone side effects
hepatotoxicity
110
GLP-1 analogs
increase insulin release, decrease gastric emptying
111
Linagliptin
stop GLP-1 inactivation
112
pramlintide
decrease gastric emptying, decrease glucagon
113
canagliflozin
blocks PCT reabsorption
114
acarbose
inhibits alpha glucosidase at the brush border
115
Don't give rotavirus vaccine
History of intussception
116
Vaccines to avoid with egg allergy
MMR, influenza, yellow fever
117
Don't give pertussis vaccine if
Encephalopathy within the last 7 days
118
Sertraline + aspirin
Give lanzoprazole for gastric protection
119
Gliptins side effects
Pancreatitis

4th Year (4 decks)

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