E4: Drug Abuse/Addiction Part II Old People & EtOH Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in E4: Drug Abuse/Addiction Part II Old People & EtOH Deck (40)
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1
Q

WHHAAAA???The number of adults aged 50+years with substance abuse disorders is expected to _______ by 2020

A

DOUBLE

2
Q

SAY WHAT?! Nearly ____% of adults aged 65 and older drink alcohol

A

40%

3
Q

What is the most commonly abused substance in older adultS?

A

weed

4
Q

Which population is increasing in seeking treatment youth or older people?

A

old people

5
Q

What are the 3 main factors leading to Dependency on EtOH and Rx Drugs in the older population?

A
  1. chronic pain 2.psychological problems 3.loneliness/boredom
6
Q

What are the 4 main meds (drugs) being abused by older adults?

A

1.Opiods 2.Benzos 3.EtOH 4.Sleeping pills

7
Q

What is the trend for Cocaine and Heroine use in the older population?

A

use declines after 60

8
Q

What is the most common class of CNS depressants abused?

A

Opioid analgesics

9
Q

Non-medical use of ______ abused more often than cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens and inhalants COMBINED

A

prescription drugs

10
Q

IN GENERAL, what is the most frequently abused drug?

A

EtOH

11
Q

Quick BIOCHEM: Ethyl alcohol is rapidly and completely absorbed from the _____….______ in the liver to ________, which is then metabolized to CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2O (water)….Excreted in _____ and _____

A

GI tract… Oxidized to acetaldehyde…lungs and urine

12
Q

EtOH is eliminated by ___ order kinetics

A

Zero

13
Q

Since EtOH is 0 order kinetics-a _______ amount of alcohol is metabolized and eliminated per unit of time regardless of how much alcohol has been ingested….___ gram(s) per hour

A

constant..1 gm/hr

14
Q

What is a UNIQUE indication that someone has had a HIGH amount of EtOH?

A

NySTAGMUS (eye vibrations)

15
Q

Which drug will cause dilated pupils?

A

EtOH

16
Q

Which drug will cause pinpoint pupils? What is the official name for this?

A

Opiods…MIOSIS (not the same as sperm/egg miosis)

17
Q

Physiologic Considerations of Alcohol Use in Older Adults: Decreased body _____ and lean body _____

A

water…mass

18
Q

Physiologic Considerations of Alcohol Use in Older Adults: Decline in _____ and kidney function (Unexplained elevations of ________ indicate chronic alcohol abuse)

A

liver… liver enzymes

19
Q

Physiologic Considerations of Alcohol Use in Older Adults: Older people develop problems with alcohol even if ________ have not changed

A

drinking habits

20
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: Simple withdrawal, Delirium tremens (DTs), Seizures, Organic hallucinations, Psychosis, Dementia…all fall under the category:

A

biological brain disorder

21
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: Liver damage/cirrhosis, Peripheral neuropathies, Damaged: Pancreas, Heart, Muscles, Bone marrow, Bone, Increased risk for certain cancers and immune system disorders..all fall under the category:

A

Systemic Health Problems

22
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: ________/________ caused by: Cirrhosis, Heart disease, Pancreatitis, Pancreatic CARCINOMA

A

Fatigue/Weightloss

23
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: Worsening of _________: Diabetes, Hypertension, Congestive heart failure, Liver problems, Memory problems

A

existing conditions

24
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: _________: Isolation, Depression, Anxiety, Suicide

A

Psychological

25
Q

Consequences of Chronic Alcoholism in Elderly Individuals: Other: _______ burnout…Legal problems…_____ (same as younger people)…Criminal behavior (

A

Caregiver…DUI

26
Q

_________ + alcohol = GI bleeding

A

Aspirin/NSAIDS

27
Q

__________ + alcohol = liver damage

A

Acetaminophen

28
Q

________ + alcohol = drowsiness, impaired judgment/reaction time/coordination

A

Cold/Allergy Meds and antihistamines

29
Q

________ + alcohol = sleepiness, poor coordination, dyspnea, tachycardia, memory problems

A

CNS drugs

30
Q

Withdrawal from EtOH: How does it progress?

A

Occurs in stages

31
Q

Withdrawal from EtOH: ______ nervous system hyperactivity

A

Autonomic

32
Q

DTs = delirium tremens = shaky tremor movements can occur from withdrawal of what drug?

A

EtOH

33
Q

What are two of the main things to be aware of when treating an alcoholic?

A

1.Bleeding problems (c/o liver damage) 2.Cancer (oropharyngeal)

34
Q

What are the 3 main consequences of fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

1.Patterned Facial Features 2.Growth deficiency 3.CNS dysfunction

35
Q

What do you use to treat Alcoholism and how does it work?

A

DI-SUL-FIR-AM (Antabuse)….inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase. build up of acetylaldehyde causes VOMITING. Its a deterrent

36
Q

Alcoholics in the Dental Office: _______ from neglect

A

Poor oral hygiene

37
Q

Alcoholics in the Dental Office: Bilateral enlarged __________

A

parotid glands

38
Q

Alcoholics in the Dental Office: _______ = abdomen filled with fluid

A

ASC-ITE-S

39
Q

Alcoholics in the Dental Office: Difficulty metabolizing drugs, including _________

A

local anesthetics!!!

40
Q

KNOW THESE Oral Complications of Alcoholism!!! (7) GET IT!

A

GLLA-BOF 1.Glossitis 2. Loss of Tongue Papillae 3.Leukoplakia on lateral borders of tongue 4.Angular Chelitis 5.Bleeding (from liver damage) 6.Oral Cancer (squamous cell) 7.Fungal Infections