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Earth Science > earth science chap 1 > Flashcards

earth science chap 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Steps of the scientific method

A

Observation
Hypothesis
Test

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1
Q

Scientific method deffination

A

The orderly process by which explanations for observations made in nature are accepted or rejected

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2
Q

Observation

A

Asking questions and or collecting information

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3
Q

Hypothesis

A

A testable explanation for a set of observations or information

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4
Q

Tests

A

Models or experiments that determine the feasibility of a hypothesis

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5
Q

The earth system

A 
Solid earth
Hydrosphere 
Atmosphere
Biosphere
All works together to influence each other
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6
Q

Is earth a closed system?

A

Contained no outside influences
No it is an open system
Gets energy from the sun

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8
Q

What is a mineral?

A

Naturally occurring
Inorganic solid
Definite chemical composition

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9
Q

Parts of the earth

A 
Crust
Mantle 
Core
Inner core
Outter core
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10
Q

Elements

A

Simplest chemical; cannot be broken down

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11
Q

Atoms

A

Smallest piece of an element that has a specific structure.

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12
Q

Protons

A

Positive

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13
Q

Electrons

A

Negative

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14
Q

Neutrons

A

Zero charge

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15
Q

Ions

A

Atoms with extra or too few electrons has net charge.

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16
Q

Ionic bonds

A

Opposite charges

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17
Q

Compound

A

Chemical combination of two or more elements held together by bonds

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18
Q

Covalent

A

Share bonds

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19
Q

Metallic

A

Covalent on steroids; share a lot of bonds

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20
Q

Crystals

A

Atoms arranged in regular, ordered , and repeated patterns

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27
Q

Crust

A

we stand on

28
Q

Mantle

A

most of planet, more dense, ooy gooy , squishy

29
Q

Core

A

inter part , most dense

30
Q

Inner core

A

very hot

31
Q

Outter core

A

internal heat engine

32
Q

Mafic Silicates

A

Darker; oceanic crust

33
Q

Felsic silicates

A

lighter; contentail crust

34
Q

Pluntonic rock; phaneritic texture; instrusive

A

slowly cooling rocks, you can see the crystals

35
Q

Volcanic rock; Aphanitic texture; extrusive

A

rapid cooling rocks, you can’t see crystals

36
Q

Steps in sedimentary rocks

A
  1. Weathering
  2. Transport
  3. Deposition
  4. Linlfication
37
Q

Weathering

A

breaking older rocks down into particle and solutions- response of earth material to changes in the environment

38
Q

Transport

A

Made in high spot moved to low spot

39
Q

Deposition

A

sediments are deposited within broad regional low spots called basins, and sedimenntary rocks form there over time

40
Q

Lithlfication

A

converting loose sediment into solid rock. Burial lead to - compaction, cementation

41
Q

SEdimentary rock

A

broken down igneous

42
Q

Igneous Rock

A

heat creates them; starts as megma then crysratlizes

43
Q

metamorphic rock

A

starts as sedimentary; exposed to heat and becomes metamorphic. if it gets to hot it turns back into sedimentary or igneous

44
Q

What rocks have big crystals?

A

Igneous

45
Q

what rocks look grainy and sandish and have rocks in them?

A

sedimentary

46
Q

what rocks have texture and are layered?

A

Metamorphic

47
Q

important characteristics of a sedimentary rock

A

Texture and componets

48
Q

Metamorphic Rocks

A

Form because of heat and pressure change when it is solid

49
Q

convection

A

divergent boundaries

50
Q

two types of metamorphic rock

A

regional and contact

51
Q

Mechanical weathering

A

Big to little rocks

52
Q

Low grade metamorphic rock

A

Slate

53
Q

Chemical weathering

A

Cheimcal reaction; water

54
Q

Medium grade metamorphic rock

A

schist

55
Q

high grade metamorphic rock

A

gneiss

56
Q

perpenduilar stress fracture

A

was being pressed downward.

Earth Science (20 decks)

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