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BIO1210 > EC People > Flashcards

EC People Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

William Harvey (1628)

A

First person to correctly blood’s circulation in body.

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2
Q

He showed arteries and veins form a complete circuit that starts at the heart and leads back to the heart.

A

Harvey (1628)

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3
Q

Hooke (1665)

A

Discovered cells leading to classical cell theory

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4
Q

Studied cork cells under microscope and discovered cells

A

Hooke (1665)

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5
Q

Redi (1668)

A

Demonstrated presence of maggots in meat results from eggs laid on meat by flies

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6
Q

Dead maggots or flies would not generate new flies when placed on rotting meat in sealed jar, whereas live maggots or flies would

A

Redi (1668)

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7
Q

Leeuwenhoek (1673)

A

Made observations on stings of bees, mouthparts, louse and a fungus

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8
Q

First to see single-cell organisms, discovering spermatozoa and bacteria

A

Leeuwenhoek (1673)

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9
Q

Linnaeus (1735)

A

Worked in taxonomy, science of identifying, naming and classifying organisms

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10
Q

Created binomial system- naming plants and animals

A

Linnaeus (1735)

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11
Q

Galvani (1781)

A

Father of electrophysiology

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12
Q

Proposed animal electricity is secreted by the brain and distributed through the inner core of the nerves to the muscles

A

Galvani (1781)

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13
Q

Jenner (1796)

A

Had contribution to immunization and ultimate eradication of smallpox

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14
Q

Lamarck (1809)

A

Published series of books on invertebrate zoology and paleontology

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14
Q

Saved millions of people with smallpox vaccine

A

Jenner (1796)

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15
Q

Figured that any change to an individual during its lifetime would be passed directly to its offspring

A

Lamarck (1809)

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16
Q

Cuvier (1825)

A

Classified animals into 4 branches

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17
Q

Discovered extinction, and that series of catastrophic events could explains changes in earth’s surface

A

Cuvier (1825)

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18
Q

Schleiden, Schwann
(1838, 1839)

A

Founding of cell theory

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19
Q

Defined cell as basic unit of plant and animal structure

A

Schleiden, Schwann
(1838, 1839)

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20
Q

Virchow (1858)

A

Argued that idea of spontaneous generation must be rejected in pathology

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21
Q

Observed that organism does not get sick only certain cells or groups of cells

A

Virchow (1858)

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22
Q

Darwin, Wallace
(1859)

A

Evolution and natural selection

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23
Q

DIscovered mechanism of natural selection for evolutionary change

A

Darwin, Wallace
(1859)

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24
Pasteur (1865)
Developed practices for preventing disease in silkworm eggs with pasteurization
25
Invented process of pasteurization
Pasteur (1865)
26
Mendel (1866)
Deducared genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent
27
Discovered celebrated laws of hereditary
Mendel (1866)
28
Koch (1882)
Published article Etiology of Tuberculosis
29
Discovered cause of tuberculosis
Koch (1882)
30
Morgan (1910)
Discovered Drosophila mutant
31
Discovered first localization of a specific gene to a particular chromosome
Morgan (1910)
32
Fleming (1928)
Worked on culture of disease-causing bacteria
33
Discovered penicillin
Fleming (1928)
34
Krebs (1937)
Discovered urea cycle and citric acid cycle chemical reactions in the body
35
Father of cellular respiration
Krebs (1937)
36
Beadle, Tatum (1940)
Proved that mold to x-rays led to definite changes in enzyme formation
37
Proved genetic code govern formation of enzymes
Beadle, Tatum (1940)
38
Calvin, Benson (1945)
Discovered that dark photosynthetic reactions are impelled by compounds produced in light reactions that occur on absorption of light by chlorophyll to yield Oxygen
39
Discovered "Calvin cycle"
Calvin, Benson (1945)
40
McClintock (1950)
Discovered meiotic chromosome crossovers, relationship to recombination of genetic traits, existence of chromosomal rearrangements and breakage fusion-bridge cycle
41
Worked on mobile genetic elements
McClintock (1950)
42
Hershey, Chase (1952)
Infected bacteria with radioactive viruses then mixed solution in blender- confirmed DNA's orle as primary genetic material
43
Demonstrated DNA was transferred from bacteriophages to bacteria
Hershey, Chase (1952)
44
Watson, Crick, Franklin (1953)
Obtained images of DNA using x-ray and created 2-strand double-helix model
45
Reached conclusion DNA molecules exists in form of 3-dimensional double helix
Watson, Crick, Franklin (1953)
46
Miller, Urey (1953)
Proved origin of life on planet Earth had occured because of chemical conditions or through Abiogenesis
47
1st evidence organic molecules needed for life could be formed by inorganic components
Miller, Urey (1953)
48
Pauling (1954)
Proposed structure for deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA
49
Discovered molecular basis of sickle-cell anemia
Pauling (1954)
50
Salk (1954)
Announced polio vaccine
51
First to devise and implement safe and effective vaccine against polio
Salk (1954)
52
Meselson, Stahl (1958)
Technique with density gradient centrifugation
53
Proved that DNA is replicated semi-conservatively
Meselson, Stahl (1958)
54
Jacob, Monod (1961)
Said collection of structural genes could be regulated in a coordinated fashion
55
Proved genetic info is converted during formation of proteins by means of messenger
Jacob, Monod (1961)
56
Carson (1962)
Documented adverse environmental effects caused by indiscriminate use of pesticides
57
Wrote book Silent Spring
Carson (1962)
58
Margulis (1970)
States that bacteria played a major role in development of living cells
59
Developed symbiotic theory
Margulis (1970)
60
Cohen, Boyer (1973)
Spurred birth of biotech, developing techniques that formed basis of recombinant DNA tech
61
Created recombinant DNA molecules
Cohen, Boyer (1973)
62
Woese (1977)
Discovered archaebacteria
63
Discovered 3rd domain of life by phylogenetic taxonomy
Woese (1977)
64
Mitchell (1978)
Understood biological energy transfer
65
Biological energy transfer thru formulation of chemiosmotic theory
Mitchell (1978)
66
Blaese, Anderson, Culver (1990)
Discovered gene therapy
67
Wilmut (1996)
Generated polly
67
Gene editing and gene therapy with first human gene therapy experiment in 1990
Blaese, Anderson, Culver (1990)
68
Poll dorset clone made from nuclear transfer using fetal fibroblast nucleus genetically engineered to express a human gene known as FIX
Wilmut (1996)
69
Human Genome Project (2003)
Generated first sequence of human genome
70
Produced genome sequence that accounted for over 90% of human genome
Human Genome Project (2003)
71
Venter (2010)
First synthetic genome-driven cell came
72
Creation of Bacterial Cell controlled by chemically synthesized genome, mycoplasma mycoides
Venter (2010)
73
Doudna, Charpentier (2012)
DNA manipulation with CRISPR-Cas9 system- genetic scissors
74
Made key discoveries in field of DNA manipulation
Doudna, Charpentier (2012)

BIO1210 (5 decks)

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