ECG Review

Question 1

What is a normal atrial rate?

Answer 1

60-100 bpm

Question 2

What is a normal sinus PR interval?

Answer 2

0.12 -0.20 seconds

Question 3

Sinus tachycardia rate

Answer 3

101-150 bpm

Question 4

Rate for sinus bradycardia

Answer 4

<60 bpm

Question 5

Treatment for sinus tachycardia

Answer 5

Treat by fixing the cause:
Ex: pain, stress, anxiety, stimulant, low BP, fever

Question 6

Treatment for sinus bradycardia

Answer 6

Atropine
Dopamine
Epi
Pacemaker

Question 7

Atrial rate for atrial flutter

Answer 7

251-400 bpm

Question 8

What does atrial flutter look like?

Answer 8

Sawtooth baseline with “normal-looking” QRS’s

Question 9

Treatment for atrial flutter

Answer 9

Amiodarone
Diltiazem
Digoxen
Sotolol
Metoprolol
(Need to slow down HR)

If drugs don’t work, synchronized cardioversion

Question 10

What does atrial fibrillation look like?

Answer 10

Irregular R-R
No identifiable P waves (Atria are quivering)

Question 11

Treatment for atrial fibrillation

Answer 11

Amiodarone
Diltiazem
Digoxen
Sotolol
Metoprolol
(Need to slow HR down)

If drugs don’t work, synchronized cardio version

Question 12

What does ventricular tachycardia look like?

Answer 12

Wide and bizarre QRS
No P waves
Regular R-R

Ventricular rate = > 100/min

(Peaks and valleys)

Question 13

Treatment for ventricular tachycardia

Answer 13

Pulse = defibrillate, then start drips:
- Lidocaine
- Amioerone
- Procanomide

No pulse = CPR then defibrillate

Question 14

What does ventricular fibrillation look like?

Answer 14

Wavy undulating baseline
No P waves
No QRS

Question 15

Treatment for ventricular fibrillation

Answer 15

Defibrillate
Lidocaine, amioderone, procainomide

Question 16

What does a first degree AV block look like?

Answer 16

PR interval > 0.20
Every P followed by QRS
Regular P-P
Regular R-R

Question 17

Treatment for first degree AV block

Answer 17

Treat according to whether pt has bradycardia or tachycardia:

Bradycardia = atropine / pacemaker

Question 18

What does a second degree block type 1 look like?

Answer 18

Gradual lengthening of PRI until a QRS is dropped
Regular P-P
Regular R-R (except for where QRS is dropped)

Question 19

Treatment for second degree type 1 block

Answer 19

No treatment unless symptomatic
Tx: Atropine then pacemaker

Question 20

What does a second degree type 2 block look like?

Answer 20

Every P wave is not followed by a QRS complex
PR interval is constant
R-R can be regular or irregular
QRS is usually wide (>0.10)

Question 21

Treatment for second degree block type 2

Answer 21

Atropine
Then pacemaker

Question 22

What does a third degree heart block look like?

Answer 22

P-P and R-R are regular, but PRI varies (does not have pattern)

Basically, AR and VR are doing their own thing

Question 23

Treatment for a third degree heart block

Answer 23

Atropine and then pacemaker