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FCA > edema > Flashcards

edema Flashcards

1
Q

what can edema result from

A

release of histamine

systemic diseases

obstruction of lymphatic vessels

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2
Q

what does lymph contain

A

WBC, plasma proteins, fats, debris

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3
Q

how is an equilibrium maintained

A

as long as fluid entering the interstitial tissues via the arterioles equals the fluid leaving the venules

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4
Q

what is the majority of lymph moved by

A

movement of muscles

diaphragm when breathing

peristalsis

contraction of arteries

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5
Q

what are the 2 types of lymph capillaries

A

initial vessels

collecting capillaries

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6
Q

do initial vessels and collecting capillaries have valves

A

NO

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7
Q

what are catchments and where are they found

A

a clustering of several lymph nodes that form a bed

found in hinge areas of body (susceptible to blockages)

rate of lymph flow is through catchments is slower

susceptible to blockages

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8
Q

what are axillary nodes catchments for

A

entire upper extremity and thoracic quadrant of trunk

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9
Q

what are cervical nodes catchments for

A

head and face

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10
Q

what are popliteal catchments for

A

foot and leg

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11
Q

inguinal catchment is for what?

A

thigh, perineum, lower ab regions, same side hip

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12
Q

what do the collecting ducts consist of

A

right lymphatic and thoracic duct

LARGEST VESSELS in network

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13
Q

where are the watersheds in the torso

A

clavicles and scapular spines
umbilicus
vertical line at midsagittal line

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14
Q

what is a watershed

A

a boundary line that gives regional organization to multiple lymphotomes

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15
Q

what is a lymphotome

A

connections between groups of specific vessels and collecting capillaries from a single pathway for lymph flow

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16
Q

where does the right lymphatic duct collect fluid from

A

RIGHT ARM. ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR RIGHT SHOULDER, RIGHT SIDE OF HEAD

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17
Q

where does the right lymphatic duct connect to cardiovascular system

A

right jugular and subclavian veins

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18
Q

3 treatment goals for edema

A

reduce edema (area) to increase tissue health

reduce edema (area) to increase circulation

decrease edema (area) to improve ROM

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19
Q

lymphatic flow
BC
INS/F
LC
LV
N
V
T
D

A

blood capillaries
interstitial spaces / fluid
lymphatic capillaries
lymphatics vessels
nodes
vessels
trunks
ducts
junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins

20
Q

what is circulatory edema

A

caused by dysfunction/disease in CV system b/c of imbalance between dynamic forces of capillary filtration and reabsorption

21
Q

hypertension, venous insufficiency, kidney dysfunction, obesity typically cause what kind of edema

A

circulatory

22
Q

what is the opposite of circulatory edema

A

lymphedema

23
Q

what is primary lymphedema , when is it evident

A

congenital or genetic defect in lymphatic development

evident in early child hood begins as swelling in legs

24
Q

what is secondary lymphedema

A

occurs when nodes or vessels of lymphatic system are damaged or destroyed

25
Q

causes of secondary lymphedema?

A

surgery, radiation, virus/infection, repeated compression

26
Q

can scar tissue develop with secondary lymphedema

A

YES,

it develops when a catchment that is damaged and edema uptake and lymph movement are compromised

27
Q

what is traumatic edema

A

localized and temporary swelling of tissue associated w soft tissue injury

28
Q

what is primary traumatic edema

A

amount of fluid spilled out of stretched and torn soft tissue

seek OUT primary care ** amount of fluid spilled OUT

29
Q

what is secondary traumatic edema

A

amount of fluid drawn into area of damage due to increased interstitial oncotic pressure of that arm

30
Q

what are the 2 main catchments in the body

A

axilla
inguinal

31
Q

how do therapists use watersheds

A

to move lymph from edematous areas to another body region w less congestion

32
Q

causes of edema

A

increased permeability of capillaries

obstruction of lymphatic flow

increased capillary pressure

decrease of plasma protein

33
Q

increased permeability of capillaries is from what

A

inflammation, tissue trauma, immune response, burns

34
Q

obstruction of lymphatic flow is from what

A

infection
parasites
disease
surgical removal of lymph nodes
radiation
congenitally

35
Q

obstruction leads to retention of plasma proteins which attracts more fluid, what is this called?

A

low flow- high protein edema

36
Q

increased capillary pressure is from what

A

heart failure
thrombophlebitis
pregnancy
generalized allergic response

37
Q

what causes high flow low protein edema

A

lymphostatic edema

38
Q

what is lymphedema

A

chronic accumulation of interstitial fluid in tissues

can be primary or secondary

39
Q

what does non-pitted edema result from

A

coagulation of serum proteins in interstitial spaces, usually following local trauma or infection

40
Q

ppl with lymphedema experience an increase in urine output and urine concentrations have increased lymphedema

A

suggests the techniques work to improve the clearance of these substances

41
Q

each stroke must be repeated how many times

A

5-7 times
proximal to distal

42
Q

where is traumatic edema usually found

A

local and distal to injury site

looks taut and firm

43
Q

where is edema found due to local obstruction

A

whole limb distal to lesion site

taut/firm
puffy/congested

44
Q

edema due to a systemic condition affects where

A

the entire body

45
Q

lymphatic drainage is used to prepare the unaffected neighboring watersheds to take an increased lymph load before draining the affected lymphedematous watersheds

A

otherwise, a sudden increase in the lymphatic load in these watersheds can cause a local proximal low protein edema, potentially trapping the edema in the limb

46
Q

function of lymphatic system is presumed to be sufficient although temporarily overwhelmed by excess fluid in interstitium is what kind of edema

A

circulatory

47
Q
A

FCA (6 decks)

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