Flashcards in Elbow Biomechanics Deck (70):
0
four joints of arm
humeroulnar, humeroradial, proxmial radioulnar, distal radioulnar
1
radial head articulates with blank
capitulum
2
ulnar head articulates with blank
trochlea
3
elbow complex proximal has blank degrees of freedom for blank
1, flexion/extension
4
sup and inf ru joint is a blank joint for blank
pivot, pronation/supination (uniaxial)
5
joint capsule of elbow is blank
loose, weak anteriorly and posteriorly
6
joint capsule encloses all three blank joints
proximal
7
cross contamination of pathology can occur from one joint capsule bathed in common blank
synovial fluid
8
attachments of MCL of elbow
medial epicondyle, ulnar coronoid process
9
four ligaments of elbow
medial collateral (ulnar), lateral collateral (radial), annular ligament, interosseous membrane
10
posterior mcl attachments
medial epicondyle to ulnar coronoid and olecranon processes
11
anterior mcl is more significant during blank stability than blank
valgus, posterior
12
lcl extends from the blank to blank
inferior lateral epicondyle, annular ligament/olecranon
13
lcl resists blank stress
varus
14
strong circle ligament that stabilizes head of radius to ulna
annular
15
ligament between ulna and radius with fibers in all directions for strength
interosseous membrane
16
humeroulnar joint is blank on blank during flexion and extension
concave, convex
17
humeroradial joint is blank on blank during flexion and extension
concave, convex
18
proximal radioulnar joint does pronation and supination and blank spins on blank
radial head, capitulum
19
distal radioulnar joint does pronation and supination is blank radius on blank ulna
concave, convex
20
pronation of distal radioulnar joint is blank roll and blank glide
anterior (palmar)
21
supination of distal radioulnar joint is blank roll and glide
posterior (dorsal)
22
axis of motion of elbow is blank
oblique
23
axis of motion is usually blank to blank degrees on average of elbow
5-15
24
greater than 15 degrees of valgus axis
cubitus valgus
25
less than 5 degrees of valgus axis
cubitus varus
26
measuring carrying angle of elbow is done by measuring long axis of blank and blank
humerus, ulna
27
resting position of elbow, position in which the joint capusle and ligaments have greatest laxity and mobility
open pack position
28
position in which jooint capsule and ligaments are taut and has greatest congruency
close pack position
29
normal hyperextension at elbow
5-10 degrees
30
terminal extension is the blank position for humeroulnar but blank position for humeroradial
closed pack, open pack
31
humeroulnar joint is open pack at blank degrees flexion
70
32
humeroradial joint is closed pack at blank degrees flexion
90
33
any muscle in the body that is a mobility muscle
spurt muscle
34
biceps brachii is a blank muscle
spurt
35
spurt muscles can generate a lot of blank
torque
36
spurt muscles have insertions that are close to blank
joint
37
moment arm of biceps brachii is greatest between blank degrees of flexion
80-100
38
stabilizing muscles
shunt muscles
39
shunt muscle example
brachioradialis
40
insertion of shunt muscle is blank joint
far from
41
brachioradialis has a greater blank component than blank
compressive, rotary
42
moment arm of brachioradialis is greatest between blank and blank of flexion
100-110
43
brachioradialis is most effective with forearm in blank then blank then blank
neutral, pronation, supination
44
most important elbow flexor
brachialis
45
brachialis is a blank muscle
spurt
46
all positions of brachialis are efficient because it inserts on the blank which doesnt blank
ulna, move
47
brachialis is the blank muscle for elbow flexion
work horse
48
moment arm of brachialis is greatest at blank degrees flexion
100
49
tricep work horse
medial head
50
triceps active insufficiency shows up during blank
elbow extension
51
triceps acts blank with biceps during supination
synergistically (stabilizes)
52
anconeus attachments
lateral epicondyle (annular ligament), olecranon process (posterior capusle)
53
anconeus initiates blank
elbow extension
54
anconeus is active with forced finger blank and blank by acting as a blank
flexion, extension, stabilizer
55
open pack position of proximal radioulnar joint
70 elbow flexion, 35 supination
56
open pack position for proximal radioulnar joint is good for blank
joint play
57
closed pack position for proximal radioulnar joint and is a good position for blank
5 supination, elbow extended, stability
58
two muscles creating supination
supinator, biceps brachii
59
biceps is most effective for supination at blank degrees flexion
90
60
supinator is active in supination in all degrees of blank
elbow flexion
61
muscles creating pronation
pronator quadratus, pronator teres
62
pronator quadratus is a blank joint muscle
one
63
pronator teres is a blank joint muscle
2
64
pronator teres is blank powerful than pronator quadratus
less
65
golfers elbow is caused by overuse of blank muscles
pronator
66
pathology that is the annular ligament coming away from radial head
nursemaids elbow
67
poor pitching mechanics and caused by increased tensile stress throwing a ball
medial collateral ligament sprain
68
mcl (UCL) sprain at elbow may lead to blank carrying angle
increased valgus
69