EMBYRO Origins

Question 1

Embyological Origins: Rathke’s pouch?

Answer 1

surface ectoderm

Question 2

lens and cornea - origin?

Answer 2

surface ectoderm

Question 3

inner ear organs - origin?

Answer 3

surface ectoderm

Question 4

olfactory epithelium - origin?

Answer 4

surface ectoderm

Question 5

nasal and oral epithelial lining - origin?

Answer 5

surface ectoderm

Question 6

epidermis - origin?

Answer 6

surface ectoderm

Question 7

salivary, sweat and mammary glands?

Answer 7

surface ectoderm

Question 8

pineal gland - origin?

Answer 8

neural tube

Question 9

brain and SC - origin?

Answer 9

neural tube

Question 10

brachial arches - origin?

Answer 10

neural crest

Question 11

Posterior pit - origin?

Answer 11

neural tube

Question 12

retina - origin

Answer 12

neural tube

Question 13

ganglia - origin?

Answer 13

neural crest

Question 14

parts from heart from neural crest?

Answer 14

aorticopulmonary septum and endocardial cushions

Question 15

adrenal medulla - origin?

Answer 15

neural crest

Question 16

muscles, connective tissue, bone, cartilage - origin?

Answer 16

mesoderm

Question 17

kidney and ureters - origin?

Answer 17

mesoderm

Question 18

serosa linings - origin?

Answer 18

mesoderm

Question 19

lungs - origin?

Answer 19

endoderm

Question 20

parathyroids- origin?

Answer 20

endoderm

Question 21

middle ear - origin?

Answer 21

endoderm

Question 22

bladder and urethra - origin?

Answer 22

endoderm

Question 23

Aortic Arch Derivatives?

Answer 23

1 - maxillary artery
2 - stapedial artery
3 - carotids
4 - aortic arch and right subclavian
6 - pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosis

Question 24

Brancial Cleft derivatives?

Answer 24

1 - external auditory meatus

2 - 4 - temporary cervical sinuses (obliterated, or made into a cyst)

Question 25

1st branchial arch - cartilage

Answer 25

CHEW (5th N innvervation) | Meckel's cartilage - mandible, malleus/incus, sphenoMandibular junction

Question 26

2nd branchial arch

Answer 26

``` SMILE Reichert's cartilage (5 'S's) CN 7 Stapes Styloid Stylohyoid Lesser horn ("smaller") hyoid Superior body of hyoid ```

Question 27

3rd brachial arch

Answer 27

SWALLOW STYLISHLY CN9 Stylopharyngeus

Question 28

4th brachial arch

Answer 28

SIMPLY SWALLOW Superior Laryngeal branch of CNX pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini

Question 29

1st branchial arch - muscles

Answer 29

CHEW (5th N innvervation) - muscles of mastication (masseter, teMporalis, Medial and lateral pterygoids) - Mylohyoid, - ANT digastric - Tensors

Question 30

3th brachial arch - cartilage

Answer 30

greater horn of hyoid

Question 31

6th brachial arch

Answer 31

SPEAK: | recurrent laryngeal branch of CN10 -muscles of larynx except cricothyroid

Question 32

4-6th brachial arch - cartilage

Answer 32

thryod, cricoid, artenoids, corniculate, cuneiform

Question 33

Mandibular hypoplasia and facial abnormalities - problem

Answer 33

1st brachial arch migration failure (treacher colins syndrome)

Question 34

fistula between tonsillar area and cleft in neck - problem?

Answer 34

presistence of 3rd cleft and pouch

Question 35

Tongue formed by?

Answer 35

3rd and 4th brachial arch

Question 36

Middle ear, eustachian tube and mastoid air cells - origin?

Answer 36

1st brachial pouch

Question 37

Develops into epithelial lining and palatine tonsil?

Answer 37

2nd brachial pouch

Question 38

inferior parathyroids - origin also develops?

Answer 38

3rd pouch. thymus

Question 39

4th brachial pouch derivative?

Answer 39

superior parathyroid.

Question 40

Overview: Surface Ectoderm - Mneumonic?

Answer 40

``` BEADPEEL Breast glands Enamel Anti-Pit and Anal canal Distal urethra Parotid Epidermis Ear organs Lens of Eye ```

Question 41

Overview: Neuroectoderm derivatives?

Answer 41

CNS and post pit, retina,

Question 42

Overview: Neural crest derivatives?

Answer 42

``` SHAPES Skull bones Heart (aorticopulmonary septum) Arachnoid Pia Endo (C-cells, chromaffin) Skin (melanocyes) ```

Question 43

Overview: Mesodermal defects?

Answer 43

``` VACTERL Vertebral defects Anal atresia Cardiac defects Tracheo-Esophageal fistula Renal defects Limb defects ```

Question 44

Overview: Endoderm derivatives

Answer 44

GI tract (including liver/pancreas) Respiratory tract Neck (thymus, thyroid, parathyroid)