Emergency Flashcards
(64 cards)
1
Q
components of primary survey (5) with details A B C D E
A
Airway - responsiveness, cervical spine Breathing-breathsounds and pattern, effort, 02 Circulation- 2 large bore IV, fluids Disability- LOC with AVPU and GCS Exposure- remove clothing
2
Q
components of primary survey (5) with details A B C D E
A
Airway - responsiveness, cervical spine Breathing-breathsounds and pattern, effort, 02 Circulation- 2 large bore IV, fluids Disability- LOC with AVPU and GCS Exposure- remove clothing
3
Q
secondary survey (6)
A
vital signs assess injuries comfort measures history and head to toe- AMPLE Tetanus diagnostic tests
4
Q
s/sx of heat exhaustion (13)
A
fatigue light headed mild confusion dilated pupils increased RR ashen color decreased BP increased HR increased temp 99.6-104 profused sweating n/v diarrhea feeling of impending doom
5
Q
interventions for heat exhaustion(5)
A
-cool area
-remove clothing
-moist sheet
oral fluids or iv fluids
replace electrolytes
6
Q
heat stroke interventions(8)
A
ABC remove clothing wet sheets large fan immerse in ice water bath cold iv fluids lavage with cool fluids iv chlorpromazine for shivering
7
Q
patho and causes of heat stroke
A
hypothalamic dysfuction
vasodilation, increased sweating and respiratory rate deplete f/e
core temp of >104
8
Q
hypothermia temp is
A
9
Q
severe hypothermia temp is
A
10
Q
mild hypothermia temp is
A
93.2-96.8
11
Q
moderate hypothermia temp is
A
86-93
12
Q
treatment for mild hypotermia
A
passive or active external rewarming
13
Q
treament for moderate to severe hypothermia
A
active core rewarming
14
Q
main treatment goal for all hypothermias (5)
A
ABC rewarm correct dehydration correct acidosis treat dysrhythmias
15
Q
risks for rewarming (3)
A
dysrhythmias, hypotension, further decreased in temp
16
Q
rewarming can be stopped when core temp reaches
A
95
17
Q
treatment goal for submersion injury
A
ABC mechanical vent correct hypoxia correct fluid imbalance basic physiologic fx rewarming monitor deterioration- cerebral edema, hypoxia, acidosis
18
Q
complications of animal bites
A
infection
tissue destruction
19
Q
type of wound in cat bites involving these structures (2)
A
deep puncture wounds involving tendons and joint capsules
20
Q
increased risk for these types of infections with animal bites
A
septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, tenosynovities
21
Q
infection risks with human bites (2)
A
hepatitis virus
oral bacterial flora
22
Q
initial treatment for bites
A
copious irrigation debridement tetanus analgesic antibiotic rabies puncture wound left open lacerations loosely sutured wounds over joints splinted
23
Q
treatment for
1puncture wound
2lacerations
3wound on joints
A
1 leave open
2 loosely sutured
3 splint
24
Q
chemical poisoning severity depend on (3)
A
type, concentration, route
25
to decreased absorption of poison (3)
gastric lavage, activated charcoal, cleansing/irrigiation
26
enhance elimination of poison (6)
cathartics, whole bowel irrigation, hemodialysis, urine alkalinization, chelating agents, antidotes
27
family violence interventions (3)
inform about options
emotional support
make referrals
28
bioterrorism agents and interventions (4) and 1 tx
anthrax, small pox, plague, tularemia, treaemed with antibiotics
29
path of entry for sarin gas (2)
eyes and skin
30
end result of sarin gas
paralysis of resp muscles
31
antidotes for sarin gas (2)
atropine and pralidoxime chloride
32
a colorless gas can cause (3)
phosgene causes resp distress, pulmonary edema and death
33
mustard gas can cause (eye x, skin xx)
eye irriation
| skin burns and blisters
34
secondary survey (6)
```
vital signs
assess injuries
comfort measures
history and head to toe- AMPLE
Tetanus
diagnostic tests
```
35
s/sx of heat exhaustion (13)
```
fatigue
light headed
mild confusion
dilated pupils
increased RR
ashen color
decreased BP
increased HR
increased temp 99.6-104
profused sweating
n/v
diarrhea
feeling of impending doom
```
36
interventions for heat exhaustion(5)
-cool area
-remove clothing
-moist sheet
oral fluids or iv fluids
replace electrolytes
37
heat stroke interventions(8)
```
ABC
remove clothing
wet sheets
large fan
immerse in ice water bath
cold iv fluids
lavage with cool fluids
iv chlorpromazine for shivering
```
38
patho and causes of heat stroke
hypothalamic dysfuction
vasodilation, increased sweating and respiratory rate deplete f/e
core temp of >104
39
hypothermia temp is
40
severe hypothermia temp is
41
mild hypothermia temp is
93.2-96.8
42
moderate hypothermia temp is
86-93
43
treatment for mild hypotermia
passive or active external rewarming
44
treament for moderate to severe hypothermia
active core rewarming
45
main treatment goal for all hypothermias (5)
```
ABC
rewarm
correct dehydration
correct acidosis
treat dysrhythmias
```
46
risks for rewarming (3)
dysrhythmias, hypotension, further decreased in temp
47
rewarming can be stopped when core temp reaches
95
48
treatment goal for submersion injury
```
ABC
mechanical vent
correct hypoxia
correct fluid imbalance
basic physiologic fx
rewarming
monitor deterioration- cerebral edema, hypoxia, acidosis
```
49
complications of animal bites
infection
| tissue destruction
50
type of wound in cat bites involving these structures (2)
deep puncture wounds involving tendons and joint capsules
51
increased risk for these types of infections with animal bites
septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, tenosynovities
52
infection risks with human bites (2)
hepatitis virus
| oral bacterial flora
53
initial treatment for bites
```
copious irrigation
debridement
tetanus
analgesic
antibiotic
rabies
puncture wound left open
lacerations loosely sutured
wounds over joints splinted
```
54
treatment for
1puncture wound
2lacerations
3wound on joints
1 leave open
2 loosely sutured
3 splint
55
chemical poisoning severity depend on (3)
type, concentration, route
56
to decreased absorption of poison (3)
gastric lavage, activated charcoal, cleansing/irrigiation
57
enhance elimination of poison (6)
cathartics, whole bowel irrigation, hemodialysis, urine alkalinization, chelating agents, antidotes
58
family violence interventions (3)
inform about options
emotional support
make referrals
59
bioterrorism agents and interventions (4) and 1 tx
anthrax, small pox, plague, tularemia, treaemed with antibiotics
60
path of entry for sarin gas (2)
eyes and skin
61
end result of sarin gas
paralysis of resp muscles
62
antidotes for sarin gas (2)
atropine and pralidoxime chloride
63
a colorless gas can cause (3)
phosgene causes resp distress, pulmonary edema and death
64
mustard gas can cause (eye x, skin xx)
eye irriation
| skin burns and blisters
