Emerging Infectious Diseases

Question 1

What disease was reported in young men according to MMWR?

Answer 1

Pneumocystis pneumonia

This was one of the early indicators of HIV infection.

Question 2

What type of cancer was reported a few weeks after pneumocystis pneumonia in New York and California?

Answer 2

Kaposi’s sarcoma

This was another significant indicator of HIV/AIDS.

Question 3

What has contributed to the drop in mortality due to HIV?

Answer 3

Antiretrovirals

These medications have made HIV highly controllable today.

Question 4

In 2010, HIV was the ____ cause of DALYs.

Answer 4

5th

DALYs stand for Disability-Adjusted Life Years.

Question 5

What is the origin of COVID-19?

Answer 5

Unknown

There are theories about pathogen escape from laboratories.

Question 6

Which virus was associated with a laboratory escape in 2003?

Answer 6

SARS

This was a significant outbreak that raised concerns about lab safety.

Question 7

What pathogen was associated with a lab accident in 1978 in the UK?

Answer 7

Smallpox

This incident highlighted risks associated with handling dangerous pathogens.

Question 8

What type of infections does the term ‘emerging infections’ refer to?

Answer 8

New, reemerging, or drug-resistant infections

These infections have increased incidence in humans over the past two decades.

Question 9

Name a new emerging infection.

Answer 9

HIV or SARS-CoV2

These infections have recently emerged in the human population.

Question 10

What type of disease is Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD)?

Answer 10

Prion disease

It is associated with bovine encephalopathy (mad cow disease).

Question 11

What is O157:H7 E. coli associated with?

Answer 11

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

This strain produces Shiga toxin.

Question 12

What outbreak was linked to Jack in the Box?

Answer 12

E. coli O157:H7

This outbreak highlighted food safety issues.

Question 13

What virus caused crows to drop dead from the sky?

Answer 13

West Nile Virus

This virus was significant in raising public health concerns.

Question 14

What year did MERS emerge?

Answer 14

2012

MERS is a coronavirus linked to camels.

Question 15

What vaccine contains a killed whole cell bacteria for diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus?

Answer 15

DPT vaccine

This vaccine was known for being reactogenic.

Question 16

What is the acellular pertussis vaccine called?

Answer 16

DTaP

It has fewer side effects compared to the DPT vaccine.

Question 17

What is the name of the disease transmitted by midges and Culex mosquitoes in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955?

Answer 17

Oropouche

It has seen outbreaks in Latin America in 2023.