Emotion Science: chapter 1 Flashcards
What is emotion regulation?
Answer: Emotion regulation is the processes and strategies used to manage emotions, including cognitive reappraisal, distraction, and mindfulness
Selective learning process
learning fear responses for biologically relevant stimuli (such as the cat) is easier than for less relevant stimuli (such as flowers)
amae
the pleasant feeling of togetherness (Japan)
Somatic Marker Hypothesis (Damasio)
basically the same as James-Lange, but besides ANS activation, biochemical and hormonal changes can also be detected. We sometimes also have feeling-states when changes have not taken place; this is the as-if loop = the brain can enter into the state that it would have been in had a variety of bodily changes actually taken place. Another difference with the James-Lange theory is that Damasio says our brain can detect things that we are not conscious of, meaning our emotions aren’t necessarily consciou
The Somatic Marker Hypothesis proposed by Antonio Damasio differs from the James-Lange theory in a few key ways.
First, the James-Lange theory suggests that emotions are caused by physiological changes in the body, while the Somatic Marker Hypothesis proposes that emotions are generated in response to bodily sensations or “somatic markers” that guide decision-making and behavior.
Second, the James-Lange theory implies a one-to-one correspondence between specific bodily changes and specific emotions (i.e., if you experience a particular bodily change, then you will feel a corresponding emotion), while the Somatic Marker Hypothesis suggests that bodily sensations are not directly tied to specific emotions, but instead serve as a general guide for decision-making and behavior.
Finally, the James-Lange theory suggests that physiological changes in the body are the primary cause of emotions, while the Somatic Marker Hypothesis proposes that emotions are the result of a complex interplay between bodily sensations, cognitive processes, and social and cultural factors.
In summary, while both the James-Lange theory and the Somatic Marker Hypothesis emphasize the role of bodily sensations in generating emotions, they differ in their specific proposals about how this process occurs and the factors that contribute to it.
Cannon-Bard theory:
The Cannon-Bard theory of emotions suggests that emotions and physiological changes occur simultaneously and independently of each other
Two-factor theory:
The two-factor theory of emotions proposes that emotions are the result of a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of that arousal.
Appraisal theory:
Appraisal theory suggests that emotions are the result of cognitive evaluations of events or situations, and that different appraisals can lead to different emotional responses.
Social-functional approach:
The social-functional approach to emotions suggests that emotions have evolved to serve specific social functions, such as bonding with others, communicating intentions, and signaling status.
Constructionist perspective
The constructionist perspective proposes that emotions are not universal or biologically determined, but are instead constructed based on social and cultural factors.
