endocrine (novak)

Question 1

other name for pituitary gland

Answer 1

hypophysis

Question 2

other name for the pot pit

Answer 2

neurohypophysis

Question 3

other name for the ant pit

Answer 3

adenohypophesis

Question 4

what forms ADH

Answer 4

supraoptic nucleus

Question 5

what forms oxytocin

Answer 5

paraventricular nucleus

Question 6

common medical name for ADH

Answer 6

vasopressin

Question 7

what does ADH do

Answer 7

initiates water reabsorption during dehydration; increases bp through vasoconstriction; increases secretion caused by sweating/nicotine/sleeping; decreased secretion caused by alcohol caffeine…

Question 8

diabetes insipidus

Answer 8

hyposecretion of ADH which will produce large amounts of dilute urine

Question 9

what does oxytocin do?

Answer 9

uterine contractions, smooth muscle contractions during an orgasm, milk let-down

Question 10

what hormone does the pineal gland make

Answer 10

make melatonin from seratonin

Question 11

what does melatonin do

Answer 11

regulate circadian rhythm; protect against free radicals; inhibits reproductive functions

Question 12

precocious puberty

Answer 12

a problem with melatonin release from the pineal gland causing puberty too early

Question 13

characteristics of the thyroid gland

Answer 13

butterfly, inferior to larynx, largest pure endocrine gland, 2 lobes connected by an isthmus

Question 14

type of cells in thyroid follicles

Answer 14

simple cuboidal

Question 15

thyroglobulin

Answer 15

protein stored in the colloid of follicle cells and contains the building blocks of thyroid hormones

Question 16

t/f. the thyroid is controlled by a hormone released form the ant pit

Answer 16

true. TSH

Question 17

thyroid hormones

Answer 17

calcitonin, thyroxine (t3) and triiodothyronine (t4)

Question 18

endemic goiter

Answer 18

result of a lack of dietary iodine necessary for the thyroid hormones

Question 19

main effect of the thyroid hormones on the rest of the body

Answer 19

speeds up metabolism

Question 20

example of hyperthyroidism

Answer 20

thyrotoxicosis and graves disease

Question 21

example of hypothyroidism

Answer 21

hashimotos, myxedema, cretinism

Question 22

calcitonin

Answer 22

inhibits osteoclast activity, decreases blood Ca level

Question 23

parathyroid hormones are secreted by

Answer 23

chief cells

Question 24

functions of PTH

Answer 24

increases osteoclast activity, increases blood Ca level

Question 25

result of PTH hyperfunction

Answer 25

osteoporosis, kidney stones, depression

Question 26

result of PTH hypofunction

Answer 26

low blood calcium levels - cramps, numbness and tingling, tetanus, weak, mood swings, brittle hair and nails

Question 27

ovary hormones

Answer 27

estrogens, inhibin, and progestins

Question 28

estrogen function

Answer 28

made by folicular cells to support follicle maturation, secondary sex characteristics, behaviors; targets most cells

Question 29

inhibin function

Answer 29

produced by follicular cells to inhibit FSH; tagets pit gland

Question 30

progestin function

Answer 30

produced by the corpus luteum to prepare the uterus for implantation and mamary glands for secretion; targets uterus and mammary glands

Question 31

testes hormones

Answer 31

androgens and inhibin

Question 32

androgen function

Answer 32

produced by interstitial cells for maturation of sperm, secondary sex characteristics, behaviors, and synthesis of skeletal muscle; targets most cells

Question 33

inhibin function

Answer 33

produced by nurse cells to inhibit FSH secretion; targets pit gland

Question 34

hirsutism/hypertrichosis

Answer 34

super hairy as a result of gonadal hormone dysfunction

Question 35

intestine hormones

Answer 35

secretin, gastrin, cholecystokinin

Question 36

function of intestine hormones

Answer 36

target digestive organs, coordinate digestive activities

Question 37

kidney hormones

Answer 37

EPO, calcitriol, renin

Question 38

EPO function

Answer 38

targets red bone marrow to increase RBC production; targets blood vessels to vasoconstrict

Question 39

calcitriol function

Answer 39

release calcium from bone, inhibits PTH; targets intestinal lining, bone, kidneys

Question 40

renin function

Answer 40

renin to angiotensin to angiotensin I to angiotensin II; decreases water loss by kidneys, stimulates thirst, increases bp; stimulates aldosterone and ADH release; targets adrenal, pit, and kidney

Question 41

heart hormones

Answer 41

natriuretic peptides

Question 42

natriuretic peptide function

Answer 42

stimulated by increasing blood vol stretching the tissues of the heart; increases water and salt loss at kidneys, decrease thirst, suppress secretion of ADH and aldosterone

Question 43

t/f. the thymus atrophies after puberty

Answer 43

true

Question 44

thymus hormones

Answer 44

thymopoetin and thymosis

Question 45

thymus hormone function

Answer 45

coordinate and regulate immune response

Question 46

adipose tissue hormone

Answer 46

leptin

Question 47

what does leptin do

Answer 47

suppress appetite, increase gonadotropin synthesis