Endocrine System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Endocrine System Deck (31)
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1
Q

Endocrine glands

A

ductless, secrete hormones into blood

2
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Secrete substances into ducts that deposit them on epithelial surface

3
Q

Endocrine communication pathway

A

hormones secreted into extracellular space - capillaries - circulatory system - hormones bind to receptors on target cells - metabolic activity changes in target cells - effect.

4
Q

Endocrine glands funcrion

A

maintain homeostasis with nervous system

5
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

master control of most endocrine glands.

6
Q

What hormones does the hypothalamus produce

A

Produces and secretes regulatory hormone for anterior pituitary gland.
Produces two hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary

7
Q

Posterior pituitary hormones

A

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

8
Q

ADH

A

increases water retention when body is dehydrated

9
Q

OT

A

Stimulates uterine wall contraction, milk ejection, influences pair bonding

10
Q

Tropic hormones

A

stimulate other endocrine glands to release other hormones

11
Q

Tropic hormones in anterior pituitary

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone

12
Q

non-tropic hormone of anterior pituitary

A

melanocyte-stimulating hormone

13
Q

What do the thyroid glands produce

A

thyroglobulin

14
Q

What forms the precursor to thyroid hormone

A

thyroglobulin and iodine

15
Q

What is the bodys major metabolic hormone

A

thyroid hormone

16
Q

Calcitonin

A

peptide hormone produced in thyroid, lowers blood calcium levels and stimulates bone growth

17
Q

What cells secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

chief cells

18
Q

What encourages the release of PTH

A

low blood calcium levels, encourages release of calcium stores in the blood

19
Q

Adrenal cortex

A

3 layers, synthesizes and releases over 25 corticosteroids

20
Q

Zona glomerulosa

A

synthesizes mineralocorticoids. Regulates concentration of ions in the body

21
Q

Zona fasciculata

A

Synthesizes glucocorticoids. Simulate lipid and protein metabolism, elevates blood glucose levels during stress

22
Q

Zona reticularis

A

synthesizes gonadocorticoids sex hormones

23
Q

Adrenal medulla

A

works with NS to create fight or flight response. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

24
Q

Pineal Gland

A

secrets melatonin, regulates day and night cycles, body temp, and appetite

25
Q

Exocrine function of pancreas

A

acinar cells produce alkaline pancreatic juice that is secreted into the duodenum

26
Q

Endocrine function of pancreas

A

produce glucagon, insulin (major) and somatostain and pancreatic polypeptide (minor)

27
Q

Gonads in females

A

produce estrogens and progesterone

28
Q

Gonads in males

A

produce androgens, mostly testosterone

29
Q

Thymus

A

secrets thymopoietin and thymosin essential from t lymphocyte production

30
Q

Heart

A

Secretes atrial natriuretic peptide and reduces blood pressure, blood volume and blood sodium concentration

31
Q

GI tract

A

Secretes local-acting digestive hormones