Endocrinology

Question 1

Hypothyroidism: Presenting symptoms and signs

Answer 1

Symptoms: Fatigue, apathetic, weight gain, constipation, cold intolerance

Signs: Bradycardia, slow, deep voice, dry coarse skin, slow reflexes, oedematous-face, loss of outer third eyebrows

Question 2

Hyperthryoidism: Presenting symptoms and signs

Answer 2

Symptoms: Irritable, nervous, weight loss, increase appetite, diarrhoea, heat intolerance, palpitations, oligomenorrhoea

Signs: Fine tremor, tachycardia, irregular HR, sweaty, palmar erythema, thyroid acropachy, onycholysis, lid lag, lid retraction, exopthalmos, ophthalmoplegia, thyroid bruit, proximal myopathy, pretibial myxoedema

Question 3

Hypothyroidism: Causes

Answer 3

Iodine deficiency (most common), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, post-partum thyroiditis.