energy for exercise

Question 1

What is ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ?

Answer 1

a high-energy compound which is the only immediately available SOURCE OF ENERGY for MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

Question 2

What at ATPase ?

Answer 2

an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of ATP

Question 3

What is an EXOTHERMIC REACTION ?

Answer 3

a reaction that releases energy

Question 4

What is ADENSONE DIPHOSPHATE ?

Answer 4

a compound formed by the REMOVAL of a PHOSPHATE BOND from ATP

Question 5

What is an ENDOTHERMIC REACTION ?

Answer 5

a chemical reaction which absorbs energy

Question 6

What is CREATINE KINASE ?

Answer 6

an enzyme which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of PHOSPHOCREATINE

Question 7

What is a COUPLED REACTION ?

Answer 7

where the products of one reaction are used in another reaction

Question 8

What are the 3 energy systems ?

Answer 8

ATP-PC system
glycolytic system
aerobic system

Question 9

What is PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE (PFK)

Answer 9

an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of GLUCOSE (glycolysis)

Question 10

What is the full name of the enzyme PFK ?

Answer 10

PHOSPHO - FRUCTO - KINASE

Question 11

What is ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS ?

Answer 11

the partial breakdown of glucose into PYRUVIC ACID

Question 12

What is LACTATE DEHYGROGENASE (LDH) ?

Answer 12

an ENZYME which catalyses the CONVERSION of PYRUVIC ACID into LACTIC ACID

Question 13

What is the full name of the enzyme LDH ?

Answer 13

LACTATE DE - HYDRO - GENASE

Question 14

ATP-PC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION

Answer 14

anaerobic

Question 15

ATP-PC SYSTEM : SITE

Answer 15

sarcoplasm

Question 16

ATP-PC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL

Answer 16

phosphocreatine

Question 17

ATP-PC SYSTEM : ENZYMES

Answer 17

creatine kinase

Question 18

ATP-PC SYSTEM : ATP YIELD

Answer 18

1 : 1

Question 19

ATP-PC SYSTEM : STAGES

Answer 19

PC –> P + C + energy (EXOTHERMIC)

energy + P + ADP (ENDOTHERMIC)

Question 20

ATP-PC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS

Answer 20

none

Question 21

ATP-PC SYSTEM : INTENSITY

Answer 21

very high intensity

Question 22

ATP-PC SYSTEM : DURATION

Answer 22

2 - 10 secs

Question 23

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION

Answer 23

anaerobic

Question 24

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : SITE

Answer 24

sarcoplasm

Question 25

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL USED

Answer 25

glycogen / glucose

Question 26

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : ENZYME

Answer 26

PFK and LDH

Question 27

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : YIELD

Answer 27

1 : 2

Question 28

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : STAGES

Answer 28

anaerobic glycolysis: glycogen -> glucose -> pyruvic acid + energy lactate pathway: pyruvic acid -> lactic acid energy + 2P + 2ADP -> 2ATP (ENDOTHERMIC)

Question 29

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS

Answer 29

lactic acid

Question 30

LYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : INTENSITY

Answer 30

high intensity

Question 31

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : DURATION

Answer 31

10s - 3min (peak at 1min)

Question 32

What is the KREB’S CYCLE ?

Answer 32

the SECOND STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 2 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA MATRIX

Question 33

What is the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) ?

Answer 33

the THIRD STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 34 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA CRISTAE

Question 34

What is the ENERGY CONTINUUM ?

Answer 34

relative CONTRIBUTION of each energy system to overall EVERY PRODUCTION depending on INTENSITY and DURATION of the activity

Question 35

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM… intensity = very high duration = < 10 secs

Answer 35

ATP-PC system

Question 36

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM… intensity = high duration = 10s - 3min

Answer 36

Glycolytic system

Question 37

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM… intensity = low-moderate duration = > 3 mins

Answer 37

Aerobic system

Question 38

What is INTERMITTENT EXERCISE ?

Answer 38

activity where the INTENSITY alternates either during… interval training = work : relief intervals game = breaks of play

Question 39

What is a THRESHOLD ?

Answer 39

the point at which an athlete’s PREDOMINANT energy production moves from one energy system to another

Question 40

What are WORK : RELIEF PERIODS ?

Answer 40

the VOLUME of RELIEF in relation to the VOLUME of WORK PERFORMED

Question 41

How do RECOVERY PERIODS affect thresholds ?

Answer 41

anaerobic activities = ATP-PC and Glycolytic = quickly replenished = breaks aid recovery (basketball)

Question 42

How does FITNESS LEVEL affect thresholds ?

Answer 42

high VO2 Max efficient cardiovascular increases INTENSITY increased BUFFERING CAPACITY better LACTIC ACID removal O2 arrival earlier FFA demand is met increases DURATION

Question 43

What are the other factors that affect energy production ?

Answer 43

position of the player tactics and strategies level of competition structure of the game

Question 44

How does POSITION OF THE PLAYER affect energy systems ?

Answer 44

goalkeeper = aerobic - atp-pc for dives, kicks, defense

Question 45

How do TACTICS AND STRATEGIES affect energy systems ?

Answer 45

man-man marking = increased intensity = anaerobic systems

Question 46

How does LEVEL OF COMPETITION affect energy systems ?

Answer 46

tough competition = increased intensity = anaerobic systems

Question 47

How does the STRUCTURE OF THE GAME affect energy systems ?

Answer 47

field games = large pitch = increased duration = decreased intensity = aerobic system