Energy Resources

Question 1

A _______ is a stock or supply of something that is readily available.

Answer 1

resource

Question 2

A ________ is a place where something originates

Answer 2

source

Question 3

When describing energy, the two words “resource” and “source” are used _______________.

Answer 3

interchangably

Question 4

List the three types of energy resources

Answer 4

1. Fossil Fuels
2. Nuclear
3. Renewable

Question 5

What are fossil fuels are formed from?

Answer 5

The decayed remains of the plants and animals

Question 6

List the 3 types of fossil fuels.

Answer 6

1. Coal
2. Natural Gas
3. Crude oil

Question 7

Fossil fuels are made up of ________. They are a ______ and ______ resource, that when burned produce ______ _____.

Answer 7

• hydrocarbons
• nonrenewable
• finite
• greenhouse gases

Question 8

What is one of the main causes of global warming and why?

Answer 8

Burning fossil fuels, because it traps CO2 in the earth’s atmosphere, causing temperatures to rise on the earth’s surface and lower atmosphere

Question 9

What is coal?

Answer 9

sedimentary rock that burns

Question 10

Is coal organic or inorganic?

Answer 10

organic

Question 11

The process of burning fossil fuels is known as _______.

Answer 11

combustion

Question 12

what three things does burning fossil fuels yield?

Answer 12

1. CO2
2. energy
3. water

Question 13

How is electricity generated by coal?

Answer 13

• Coal is combusted (reacted with oxygen /burned).
• The heat produced during the reaction is used to boil water, which makes steam
• the steam turns the turbines to generate electricity.

Question 14

Where do you find natural gas?

Answer 14

trapped in underground coal seams by water and
ground pressure

Question 15

What is the largest component in natural gas?

Answer 15

Methane

Question 16

Oil sands: thick mixture of ____, ____, ____, and ____.

Answer 16

sand, water,
clay and bitumen

Question 17

The cleanest burning fossil fuel is:

Answer 17

natural gas

Question 18

What ongoing research is being done with fossil fuels?

Answer 18

• Carbon capture and storage: removing excess CO2 from the atmosphere
• Convert CO2 into useful products

Question 19

_______ _______ is energy stored in the nucleus (core) of an atom

Answer 19

nuclear energy

Question 20

When it comes to nuclear energy, energy is released by a _____ ____.

Answer 20

nuclear reaction

Question 21

A nuclear reaction can be either a ______ or _____ reaction

Answer 21

-fusion
- fission

Question 22

splitting of heavy unstable nucleus into lighter nuclei releasing energy is called:

Answer 22

nuclear fission

Question 23

process where two light nuclei combine together to form heavier nucleus, releasing energy is called:

Answer 23

nuclear fusion

Question 24

Sun’s energy is produced by _____ _____, where hydrogen nuclei are converted to ______.

Answer 24

• nuclear fusion
• helium

Question 25

List 3 reasons why nuclear fusion is still not used to produce power.

Answer 25

* progress is slow due to challenges with understanding how to control the reaction in a contained space * expensive to create the needed conditions for a fusion reaction * waste management

Question 26

What type of nuclear reaction is used to produce power in current reactors?

Answer 26

Neutron induced nuclear fission reaction

Question 27

How is nuclear fission controlled?

Answer 27

* Neutron absorbing elements control the amount of free neutrons * control rods that are made of a strongly neutron-absorbent material such as boron or cadmium

Question 28

How do nuclear power plants produce energy?

Answer 28

Generated heat (by the fission reaction) turns water into steam, which in turn drives turbine generators to produce electricity

Question 29

List three reasons why it would be beneficial to use nuclear energy.

Answer 29

* Low Pollution: lower CO2 gas emissions (power plant operation: zero emissions) * Technology is readily available (it does not have to be developed first) * Powerful and Efficient : approximately, one kilogram of uranium-235 contains two to three million times more energy than the same amount of coal or oil.

Question 30

How many countries currently have nuclear power programs?

Answer 30

31

Question 31

__________ _______ is the energy obtained from natural resources that can be naturally replenished or renewed within a human lifespan, that is, the resource is a sustainable source of energy

Answer 31

renewable energy

Question 32

List six types of renewable energy. (BiGSHOW)

Answer 32

* Solar energy * Hydro power * Bioenergy: Biomass fuels * Wind power * Geothermal energy * Ocean energy