Envi Scie Flashcards
(69 cards)
What does biodiversity mean?
The variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of all living things
Defined as the variability among organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems.
What are the three components of biodiversity?
- Diversity of genes
- Diversity of species
- Variety of ecosystems
Define diversity of genes.
Refers to a variety of expressed traits or genes within the species.
Define diversity of species.
Refers to a variety of species or diversity between species.
What does variety of ecosystems refer to?
Refers to a variety of species among ecosystems in a given area.
List some economic benefits of biodiversity.
- Basic needs (food, clothing, shelter)
- Medicine
- Livelihood
How does higher biodiversity contribute to resistance to catastrophe?
It controls the spread of certain diseases as viruses must adapt to each new species.
What leisure and cultural benefits does biodiversity provide?
Activities like hunting, fishing, camping, and wildlife watching promote health and can be psychologically restorative.
What are some industrial materials derived from biodiversity?
- Building materials
- Fibers
- Dyes
- Resins
- Gums
- Adhesives
- Rubber
- Oil
What ecological benefits does biodiversity provide?
Soil formation, waste disposal, air and water purification, nutrient cycling, and management of biogeochemical cycles.
What is a primary cause of biodiversity depletion?
Habitat fragmentation/destruction.
How do invasive species affect biodiversity?
They compete with native species, potentially disrupting ecosystems.
What are the effects of overpopulation on biodiversity?
It leads to habitat destruction due to resource consumption.
What impact does pollution have on biodiversity?
Toxic pollutants can have disastrous effects on local populations of organisms.
What is meant by over-exploitation in the context of biodiversity?
The excessive harvesting of species for economic benefit, leading to population declines.
What is the role of natural causes in extinction?
Global climate change can destroy ecosystems, leading to species loss.
What is conservation and management of biodiversity?
The management, protection, and wise use of natural resources.
What is the importance of soil conservation?
Soil is crucial for plant growth and has been damaged by human practices.
What are the benefits of water conservation?
Helps reduce flooding, soil erosion, and maintains water supply.
Why is forest conservation important?
Forests provide homes for wildlife, timber, and recreational spaces.
What is wildlife conservation?
The management of natural resources for the protection and benefit of plants and animals.
Define ex situ conservation.
Protection of species outside their natural habitats.
What does biodiversity prospecting involve?
Searching for and collecting genetic material from biological resources for potential commercial use.
What is the IUCN Red List?
A system for classifying species at high risk of global extinction.
