Flashcards in Environmental/Nutrition - Review Deck (37):
1
EIDs that have recently entered humans
HIV and SARS
2
EIDs with recent increase in humans
dengue fever
3
majority of EIDs
bacteria and rickettsia
4
climate change cause what
cardiovasc, cerebrovasc, resp diseases
gastroenteritis
vector borne infectious disease
malnutrition
5
most solvents and drugs
lipophilic
blood - lipoprotein transport
penetrate plasma membranes
6
CYP inhibitors
fasting and starvation
7
altered mucociliary clearance in adults
acid aerosols
8
lung inflammation
ozone in healthy adults and children
9
increased asthma attacks
particulates
10
individuals with chronic lung disease
increased mortality - sulfur dioxide
decreased lung function - particulates
11
athletes and outdoor workers decreased capacity
ozone
12
6 outdoor air pollutants
sulfur dioxide
ozone
nitrogen dioxide
particulates
lead
CO
all make up smog
13
wrist drop and foot drop in adults
peripheral demyelinating neuropathy
lead poisoning
14
basophilic stipling of RBCs
lead poisoning
15
minimata disease
mercury poisoning
cerebral palsy, binldness, mental retardation, CNS defects in utero
-developing brain extremely sensitive to methyl mercury
intracellular glutatione
-thiol doner - protects against mercury induced CNS and kidney damage
16
Tx of relapsing acute promyelocytic leukemia
arsenic trioxide
17
exposure to arsenic
soil and water - bangladesh, chile, china
-mines and smelting
-preservers, herbicides, agro products
18
sources of cadmium
mining, electroplating, battery production, zinc smelting`
19
benzene exposure
leukemia
20
organic solvents
chloroform and CCl4
-CNS depression
-low levels toxic to kidney and liver
21
scrotal cancers
soot in chimney sweeps
22
organochlorines
synthetic and lipophilic - resist degradation
ex/ DDT
endocrine disruptors
23
chloracne
folliculutis and dermatosis
caused by dioxins and PCBs
around face and behind ears
PCBs also induce CYPs - altered drug metabolism
24
pneumoconioses
non-neoplastic lung diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust
coal dust, silica, asbestos, beryllium
often in workplace
25
vinyl chloride
angiosarcoma of liver
26
dioxins and PCBs
nonpesticide organochlorides
cause chloracne
27
nicotine
alkaloid that causes release of catecholamines
increased HR and BP
28
N-nitrosonornicotine
NNN
carcinogen in tobacco smoke
to esophagus and oral cavity
29
smoking and alcohol use
increased risk of laryngeal cancer
30
maternal smoking
increased spontaneous abortions and preterm births
growth retardation
31
cotinine
to estimate passive smoke inhalation
32
ADH
in cytosol of hepatocyte
33
vit b1
thiamine deficiency
peripheral neuropathies
wernicke-korsakoff
with chronic alcoholics
34
acute and chronic pancreatitis
with chronic alcohol use
35
breast ca in HRT
lobular carcinomas
ductal-lobular cancer
36
oral contraceptive reduces what anticoag factors
protein S
antithrombin III
37