Erectile Dysfunction Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

Sildenafil side effects 9

A
Headache
Nasal congestion
Dyspepsia
Flushing
Rash
Headache
Flushing
Dyspepsia
Abnormal vision
Nasal congestion
Back pain
Myalgia
Dizziness/nausea
Rash

Epistaxis
Insomnia
Erythema
Diarrhea

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2
Q

When to treat low testosterone

A

treat when T less than 8nmol/L and with symptoms
recheck when less than 12 nmol/L
normal range 10-30 nmol/L

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3
Q

SHIM
score no ED, severe ED
total score
5 questions

A

out of 25
22-25 no ED
1-7 severe ED
12-16 mild to mod ED
5 questions
in last 6 months
how would you rate your confidence that you could get and keep an erection
how often hard enough penetration
how often maintain ereciton after penetration
how difficult maintain until completion intercourse
how often satisfied with sexual intercourse

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4
Q

action of NO and cGMP

A

cavernosal nerve
releases NO from endothelium
SM relaxation, dilates arterioles
initiates erection

NO stimulates production cGMP 
this activates protein kinase G
opens K channels, closes Ca channels
low intracellular ca
causes SM relaxation
SM contracts when cGMP degraded by PDE
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5
Q

how to take IC injection
max dose
time between doses
caverjet alprostadil starting dose

A
max 3 times a week
24 hours between doses caverjet
starting dose 2.5mcg
usual dose 5-20 mcg
max dose 60mcg
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6
Q

cream alprostadil

A

cream vitaros

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7
Q

pellet alprostadil

A

MUSE

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8
Q

response rate to PDE5i after RARP

A

35-75% after nerve sparing

0-15% after non nerve sparing

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9
Q

how to take sildenafil

A
most efficacious 50mg
1 hour before sexual activity
no heavy meals
onset 30 mins to 1 hour
half life 3 hours
lasts up to 12 hours in blood stream
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10
Q

tadalafil

A
most well tolerated
5mg dose, other doses 10mg, 20mg
30 mins before sex
peak 30 mins
c max 2 hours
t1/2 17.5 hours
lasts up to 36 hours
NOt affected by food
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11
Q

vardenafil

A
10mg initial dose
5mg dose if on alpha blocker, up to max 20mg
usual dose 10mg
25-60 mins before sex
effective 30 mins
half life 4 hours
affected by food, avoid fatty meal
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12
Q

action of alprostadil

A

Vasodilatation by increasing levels of cAMP

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13
Q

side effects of alprostadil

A

penile pain
long erections 5%
priapism 1%
fibrosis 2%

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14
Q
assessment ED
history 
nature
sexual
PMH
Drug
Other
A
nature of complaint
PE? ejaculatory?
which context?
morning and nightime rigidity
curvature

chronology
primary / secondary
gradual or suddent onset

sexual relationship, frequency, who is partner

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15
Q

causes of ED groups

A
arteriogenic
neurogenic
penile
hormonal
drugs
other
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16
Q

arteriogenic causes

A
htn
pvd
metabolic syndrome
smoking
pelvic dxr
diabetes
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17
Q

neurogenic causes

A
MS
SCI
peripheral neuropathy
pelvic surgery
stroke
cauda equina
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18
Q

hormonal

A

hypogondism
prolactin, pit tumour
hypopit
hypo or hyperthyroid

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19
Q

mixed causes

A

renal or liver disease

OSA

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20
Q

drugs causes

A
anti hypertensives
anti depressants
anti psychotics
anti androgens
recreational
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21
Q

which antihypertensives cause more ED

which improves ED

A

beta blockers
thiazide

ARB may improve
alpha blocker may improve

ca channel no great effect
ACE i neutral

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22
Q

mechanism of erection

A
3 things
caernosal nerve
NO stimulates guanylyl cyclase in SM cell, which converts GTP to cGMP
which stimulates protein kinase G
stimulates K channel and inhibits Ca channel
decreases IC calcium stop Ca coming in
increases K going out
SM relaxation
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23
Q

EAU focused examination -4

A

penile deformities
prostatic disease
signs of hypogonadism
cardiovascular and neurological status

24
Q

EAU investigation

A

testosterone early morning
lipid
blood glucose
if above 2 not done in last 6 months

25
definition diabetes
if fasting blood glucose 7 or more | or HBA1C more than 6.5%
26
lipid profile
total cholesterol more than 4 | LDL cholesterol more than 2 mmol/L
27
hypertension definition
BP more than 140/80
28
low testosterone what to do if under 12
``` repeat total T measure albumin nad SHBG calculate free T LH and FSH PSA lipids FBC, LFT ```
29
free T treatment threshold
0.225 nmol/l
30
if total T less than 8 extra tests
``` check LH and FSH check prolactin check PSA FBC LFT Lipids ```
31
symptoms of prolactinoma
ED gynaecomastia galactorrhoea
32
colour doppler result
PSV peak systolic velocity should be more than 30 cm /sec
33
initial management ED
EAU identify and treat curable causes lifestyle changes and risk factor modifications provide education to patient and partner BP tablets lose weight lipid and BP management education
34
efficacy of PDE5i
generally 2/3 will respond | avanafil not as effective
35
``` frequency of headache flushing indigestion stuffy nose blue vision backache ```
``` headache 10-20% flushing 10-20% indigestion 5-10% stuffy nose 3-5% blue vision sildenafil rare backahe tadalafil 5% ```
36
cmax and half life of sildenafil vs tadalafil
sildenafil cmax 1.6 hours, half life 4 hours tadalafil cmax is 2 hours, half life 17.5 hours
37
action of CYP34A and PDE5i
inhibitors increase levels of PDE5i ketoconazole, protease ihibitors inducers decrease levels of PDE5i rifampicin, phenytoin, carbamazepine
38
contradindication PDE5i
``` taking nitrates hereditary retinal degeneration non arterior ION avoid if SBP <90 recent unstable angina ```
39
cautions sildenafil
``` peptic ulcer autonomic dysfunction bleeding anatomical deformity priapism risk SCD multiple myeloma leukaemia ```
40
cons of injection therapy
``` expensive lack sponaneity pain, fibrosis, priapism high drop out invasive ```
41
CI to injection
priapism risk SCD can use in PD but not in original trial can use with anticoagulation but not in licence
42
size of needle with IC injection
28G needle
43
side effects alprostadil
1/3 will get burning pain in penis 1% priapism 2% fibrosis risk
44
golden rules of alprostadil
read information 4 hour rule max 3 times a week - risk fibrosis as small a dose as possible
45
instructions MUSE
``` pass urine put pellet in urethra massage walk around constriction ring ```
46
response to MUSE
30-50% in those not tried tablets before
47
side effects MUSE
pain 3% urethral bleeding rare can get syncope which is not effect of injections
48
dose of MUSE
1000mcg | larger dose vs injection 20 mcg
49
cons of vacuum device
``` erection only to ring blue appearance, cool quality of erection pivoting discolouration bruising blocks ejaculation needs manual dexterity ```
50
names of penile prosthesis malleable 2 piece 3 piece
``` malleable tactra from Boston 2 piece AMS Ambicor 3 piece AMS 700 Boston Coloplast Titan ```
51
malleable pros 4 cons 3
``` pros easy insertion easy use low mechanical failure moudable ``` cons always rigid lower rigidity maybe higher erosion rate
52
IPP pros 3 cons 3
best rigidity increase girth and maybe length best flaccidity cons mechanical failure hard to insert manual dexterity
53
couselling for IPP
``` see with partner see twice last resort irreversible expectations of erection ``` ``` GIRTH good, increased LENGTH - not as same as normal erection, will only be as long as SPL RIGIDITY - good but no engorgement SENSATION and ejaculation normal GLANS - none ```
54
risks IPP
perioperative injury organs structures 1/50 to 1/250 coroporal rupture ``` early haematoma infection 1-3 % in virgin case revision complex 6-10% pain - within 4-6 weeks may be subclinical infection wrong size - concord deformity 2-10% ``` ``` late mechanical failure within 10 years can result in uncontrolled self inflation 5% lasts 10-15 years erosion <5% auto inflation ```
55
virgin IPP vs complex IPP infection rate
1-2% vs 6-10% | complex meaning revision or fibrosis or priapism