Ettinger

Question 1

Name te 6 hallmarks of cancer

Answer 1

1-Self sufficient growth signals 
2-Insensitivity to anti- growth signals 
3- tissue invasion and metastasis 
4- limitless replicative potential 
5-substained angiogenesis 
6-evade apoptosis

Question 2

Name the tumor suppressor gene

Answer 2

P53

Question 3

Rôle of telomerase (TTAGGG)

Answer 3

Prevent chromosome détérioration

If does not aged as normal, allow limitless replication

Question 4

Curative radiation protocol

Answer 4

Large number with low dose

Results in acute side effects

Question 5

Palliative radiation protocol?

Answer 5

Small number of high dose

Few acute side effects. High late toxicity

Question 6

What cell stages are more sensitive to radiation?

Answer 6

Late G1, early S, G2, M

Question 7

Rôle of innate immunity in tumor proliferation

Answer 7

• Tumor associated neutrophils (recruit Treg and support tumor angiogenesis)
• M2
• myeloid derived suppressor cell (inhibit Tcell ans recruit Treg)

Question 8

Rôle of adaptive immunity in tumor progression?

Answer 8

Th2 and Th17 inhibit cytotoxic Tcell

Treg

Question 9

Name 3 nonspecific immunotherapy

Answer 9

-Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin
( modified mycobacterium that elicit inflammation with macrophages, neutrophils, cytotoxic T cell and long lives memory)
- L-MTP-PT
- SQ IL-12

Question 10

Which mutations means that reduction in chemotherapy dose is needed?

Answer 10

Dogs: MDR-1
Cats: ABCB1-delta

Question 11

Palmal-plantar erythodysesthesia is cause by which chemotherapy?

Answer 11

Doxorubicin

Question 12

Main neurological effect of vincristine ?

Answer 12

Iléus

Question 13

Type of hypersensitivity that can be related to L-asparaginase ?

Answer 13

Type I (IgE)

Question 14

Which breed of cat is over represented in lymphoma?

Answer 14

Siamese

Question 15

Immunotherapy for lymphoma?

Answer 15

CD20 for B cell

CD52 for T cell

Question 16

Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with which lymphocyte subtype ?

Answer 16

CD8+ T cell

Question 17

Which breeds are predisposed to diffuse cornifying épithelioma?

Answer 17

Norwegian elkhound and Keeshond

Question 18

Breeds with digital SCC

Answer 18

Giant schnauzer, standard poodle, Labrador, Rottweiler and flat coated retrievers

Question 19

What is Bowen disease ?

Answer 19

Muticentric SCC

Question 20

Which location is more likely to results in malignant melanoma?

Answer 20

Mucocutaneous junction (except eyelid)
Digit

Question 21

Which breed is over represented in STS?

Answer 21

Golden

Question 22

Metastasis of STS

Answer 22

Hematogenous (lung and liver)

Question 23

STS chemotherapy

Answer 23

Doxorubicin

Cyclophosphamide and piroxicam

Question 24

GI sarcoma is responsive to which chemotherapy?

Answer 24

Palladia

Question 25

Biomarkers of hemangiosarcoma ?

Answer 25

- Troponin - Collagen XXVII peptide levels - TKI1

Question 26

Second most common appendicular neoplasia?

Answer 26

Chondrosarcoma (golden, German Shepherd and boxer)

Question 27

Appendicular HSA: breed and location

Answer 27

German Shepherd, Great Dane and boxer | Proximal humerus

Question 28

Axial neoplasia: breed

Answer 28

Female boxer

Question 29

Ribs OSA: age and location and % of metastasis

Answer 29

Young Distal third near costochondral junction 100%

Question 30

Feline appendicular OSA : Gender Location Metastasis

Answer 30

Male Digit and proximal humerus Uncommon metastasis

Question 31

Metastatic bone tumor from which primary neoplasia?

Answer 31

Feline: lung digit syndrome | Urogenital carcinoma in dogs

Question 32

Which gene promotes proliferation, differentiation and maturation of mast cell ?

Answer 32

Kit (CD117)

Question 33

Mast cell tumor: pronostic per location

Answer 33

🙂cutaneous 😕 sublingual, oral and mucosal 😰 viscéral

Question 34

Mast cell: pronostic per breed

Answer 34

Boxer 🙂 | Shar pei ☹️

Question 35

Most common location of MCT in cats?

Answer 35

Spleen

Question 36

Which cell is involve in canine histiocytoma regression?

Answer 36

CD8+ T cell

Question 37

Which breed is predisposed to systemic histiocytosis ?

Answer 37

Bernese mountain dogs

Question 38

Histiocytic sarcoma complex arises from which cells ?

Answer 38

DC (CD11 and CD18)

Question 39

Breed predisposition for histiocytic sarcoma?

Answer 39

Bernese, flat coated retriever, Rottweiler, golden, Labrador

Question 40

Which breed gets localized histiocytic sarcoma in CNS?

Answer 40

Corgi

Question 41

Chemotherapy for histiocytic sarcoma?

Answer 41

CCNU

Question 42

Hemophagocytic sarcoma: breed?

Answer 42

Bernese, golden and Rottweiler

Question 43

Cystadenocarcinoma with concurrent nodular dernatofibrosis and uterine tumor is seen in which breed?

Answer 43

Female German Shepherd

Question 44

Prostatic cancer is seen in which breed?

Answer 44

Neutered Shetland and scottish-terrier

Question 45

What is the treatment for TvT?

Answer 45

Vincristine

Question 46

Name the 3 types of testicular cancer

Answer 46

Interstitiel (leydig) Seminoma Sertoli cell tumor

Question 47

Most common uterine neoplasia?

Answer 47

Dogs: leiomyoma Cats: adenocarcinoma

Question 48

Most common ovarian cancer in cats?

Answer 48

Granulosa cell tumor

Question 49

Which breed of cat is predisposed to mammary cancer?

Answer 49

Siamese