Evolution Flashcards
What is microevolution
Change in a single gene pool (alleles)
Is macro evolution
Change above the species level like feathers on birds characteristics that create new taxa: evidence seen in fossils
Who is George Cuvier
Scientist that proposed catastrophism. Found that each stratum of earth had different fossils, some species completely disappeared in more recent layers.
Catastrophism stated that species disappeared you to catastrophic events of the earth’s crust
Who is Hutton
Scottish geologist who studied in vertebrate fossils
Posed that changes in Earth’s crust are due to slow, gradual, continuous processes (gradualism)
Why were Hutton’s theories of graduism important
They were based on the idea that the earth has a long history and is constantly changing
Was Charles Lyell
The scientist that came up with the theory of uniformitarianism States that geological processes that alter the earth are uniform through time and result in slow continuous actions
Proposed that the earth was millions of years old instead of thousands of years old
Who is Lamarck
A scientist proposed that evolution occurs through the inheritance of acquired characteristics
Organisms develop new traits by using or not using body parts called the law of use and disuse. Said acquired traits are passed on to offspring
Prior to Darwin which two ideas prevailed
Earth is less than 10,000 years old and relatively unchanging
Species are fixed/permanent
Who is Charles Darwin
I love the idea of natural selection which is in the mechanism for evolution after observing organisms on a five-year voyage on the HMS beagle,1831
Is Darwinian fitness
Determined by an organisms ability to survive and reproduce to pass on traits
What was Darwin’s theory of giraffes
Are wind believed the giraffes is next linked in overtime because there was variation in length in the population. Giraffes with the longer next could reach the leaves in tall trees therefore they survive to reproduce passing on these change the offspring and overtime the longnecked giraffes replaced the Shortneck giraffes
Who is Thomas Malthus
A scientist who discovered struggle for existence: population size is limited by the availability of resources (carrying capacity)
Who was Alfred Russell Wallace
Scientist who believed that organisms evolved from common ancestors: published an essay discussing the process of natural selection in before Darwin.
What is evolution
Change over time in the genetic composition of the population, evolution leads to new species
Scientist who’s ideas about evolution and adaption influenced Darwin
Lamarck
Ship Darwin traveled
Beagle
