Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (52)
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1
Ultrasound is best suited for the evaluation of superficial joints for assessing what?
Dz activity, synovitis, tenosynovitis, and small bone erosions
2
When is ultrasound useful as a follow-up response?
it's very good for assessing therapeutic response
3
Which modality evaluates clinical susupicion of arthritis after a negative radiograph?
MRI
4
What modality is best to evaluate inflammatory arthritis of deep joints and for complications related to joint replacements?
MRI
5
What is the ABCDE'S of Arthritis?
alignment
bone
cartilage
distribution
erosions
soft tissues
6
What distribution involves 2 or 3 joints?
Oligoarticular
note: poly-articular is 4 or more joint
7
What parts of the ABCDE's are considered the generic search components of arthritis?
ABCS
alignment
bone
cartilage
soft tissue
8
What are the unique features of the ABCDE's of arthritis?
Distribution and Erosions
9
Inflammatory arthritides may produce osteopenia secondary to inflammation and hyperemia describes what specific pattern of arthritis?
Bone
10
A poly-articular distribution involves how many joints?
4 or more usually has the symmetry of involvement
11
True or False
Erosions are defined as Focal subcortical bone loss.
True
12
True or False
Erosions can be found in marginal, non-marginal, or subchondral positions.
True
13
Fusiform swelling centered at the joint is typical of what type of arthritis?
RA
14
Diffuse swelling or sausage digit is typical of what kind of arthritis?
psoriatic arthritis
15
Asymmetric “lump-bumpy” swelling seen what condition?
Gout
16
Inflammatory arthritis-producing pannus promotes proteolytic destruction in what anatomical structure?
Cartilage
17
Osteoarthrosis (OA) produces what kind of loss along the lines of stress?
non-uniform
18
Uncovertebral osteoarthrosis degeneration occurs secondary to what condition?
Spondylosis or lateral flexion injury
19
Progressive disc loss with a subsequent remodeling in the cervical spine is due to what?
impaction of the uncovertebral process
20
Uncovertebral osteoarthrosis can have what appearance?
flattened mild
bulbous moderate
hooked severe
21
What complication is produced from uncovertebral osteoarthrosis?
intervertebral foraminal stenosis
22
What are the imaging findings for facet osteoarthrosis?
loss of joint space
sclerosis
osteophytes
subchondral cysts
23
Name the complications of a Spondylolisthesis.
1. listhesis (retro)
2. stenosis (central canal, lateral recess, intervertebral foramen)
3. spondylitis myelopathy
24
What are the complications for facet osteoarthrosis?
1. stenosis (central, lateral recess, IVF)
2. degenerative Spondylolisthesis
3. synovial cyst formation
25
True or False
Spinal degeneration contributes to canal stenosis.
True
26
A patient x-ray shows canal body ratio less than 0.82 mm. What is the next step?
Refer for MRI
27
Pt has spinolaminar line measurement less than 15 at L5. What modality is used to confirm pt's diagnosis?
What is this test called?
MRI
Lumbar Eisenstein's Method
28
What are the 4 F's of degenerative Spondylolisthesis?
Female
Forty +
Fat/Overweight
L4/5
29
True or False
Hypertrophic facets can encroach on foramen.
True
30
Synovial cyst projecting into the canal can cause considerable ___.
radiculopathy
31
What is the aka for Kissing spine syndrome?
Baastrup's syndrome
32
What occurs during Baastrup's syndrome?
hypertrophy
approximation
sclerosis of the sp
33
A general acetabular lateral central edge angle less than 25 is termed what?
Dysplasia
34
A acetabular lateral central edge angle greater than 39 is termed what?
over coverage
35
A acetabular index less than or equal to 0 degrees means __.
over coverage
note this number should be positive
36
Cam impingement is mc in what demographic?
young men
37
ID the condition what leads to abrasion of the acetabular cartilage or its avulsion from the subchondral bone
cam impingement
note: cartilage involvement is larger than pincer impingement
38
What are the causes of cam impingement?
abnormal femoral capital epiphysis
subclinical SCFE
late effects of leg-calve-perthes
acquired (post-traumatic)- femoral retro-torsion
coxa vara
39
The quantification of the alpha angle can be measured on what radiographic view?
NOTE: alpha angle and femoral offset if abnormal suggest the presence of cam impingement
AP pelvis or cross-table axial
note: >50º abnormal asphericity of the femur head-neck contour
bigger number = less rotation due to labrum impinged
40
Quantification of cam impingement femoral offset is measured on ___.
cross table axial
note: gen rule >10mm = strong indicator
ratio .21:.03
distance (more reliable= femoral head to neck)
41
What are the 3 lines required to measure a cam impingement?
tangent femur head
ant. femur neck
center femur head through the neck
42
The ultimate secondary radiographic sign of FAI in the hip is what?
early onset of hip osteoarthrosis
43
What are the 6 D's of hypertrophic neuropathic arthropathy?
destruction
distention
density
dislocation
disorganization
Debris
44
The condition is associated with the 4 F's?
female
over forty
overweight
L4/5
degenerative spondylolisthesis
NOTE: hypertrophic facets encroach on foramen narrowing the spinal canal
45
Define osteophyte
a bone excrescence outgrowth or spur usually at the joint margin
46
Define enthesophyte
bone spur at an enthesis
47
What is the attachment site of the bone of the tendon, ligament, or joint capsule?
enthesis
48
What is has a spindle shape wide in the middle and tapers at both ends?
fusiform
49
What is the Latin word for a blanket?
pannus
50
What is the aka for scleroderma?
progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS)
aka
CREST syndrome
51
What is defined as the systemic inflammatory connective tissue disorder characterized by Small vessel Dz, fibrosis, and excessive deposits of Collagen?
scleroderma
NOTE: order of destruction is vasculitis ➢ ischemia ➢ infarction
52
