Exam 1

Question 1

Superior

Answer 1

toward the top

Question 2

Inferior

Answer 2

toward the bottom

Question 3

Superficial

Answer 3

toward the surface

Question 4

Deep

Answer 4

away from the surface

Question 5

External

Answer 5

toward the surface

Question 6

Internal

Answer 6

away from the surface

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

toward the midline

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Away from the midline

Question 9

Proximal

Answer 9

toward the point of attachment

Question 10

Distal

Answer 10

away from the point of attachment

Question 11

Dorsal (brain)

Answer 11

top of the head; superior

Question 12

Ventral (brain)

Answer 12

bottom of the head; inferior

Question 13

Dorsal (body)

Answer 13

toward the backbone; posterior

Question 14

Ventral (body)

Answer 14

toward the belly; anterior

Question 15

Rostral

Answer 15

toward the nose

Question 16

Caudal

Answer 16

toward the tail

Question 17

Central

Answer 17

toward the center

Question 18

Peripheral

Answer 18

away from the center

Question 19

Afferent

Answer 19

conducting inward or toward the central nervous system; sensory

Question 20

Efferent

Answer 20

conducting outward or away from the central nervous system; motor

Question 21

Ipsi-

Answer 21

same side

Question 22

Contra-

Answer 22

opposite side

Question 23

What are the 3 Primary Planes of the brain?

Answer 23

sagittal, coronal, horizontal

Question 24

What direction does the sagittal plane divide the brain?

Answer 24

divides the brain vertically into the left and right portions

Question 25

How is the midsagittal line different from sagittal?

Answer 25

Midsagittal divides the brain directly down the middle.

Question 26

What direction does the horizontal plane divide the brain?

Answer 26

back to front into the upper and lower parts

Question 27

What direction does the coronal plane divide the brain?

Answer 27

runs up and down from a side view to create the front and back portions

Question 28

What is a neuron?

Answer 28

the basic building block and working unit of the brain. They are nerve cells and responsible for generating, receiving, transmitting and synthesizing electrical/chemical impulses.

Question 29

Name the parts of a nerve cell

Answer 29

Dendrites, Nucleus, Axon, Myelin Sheath, Collateral, Synapse

Question 30

What are the parts of a synapse?

Answer 30

Terminal Bouton (knob), Synaptic Cleft (ear), Postsynaptic receptor area

Question 31

What two types of organization are used for cells of the nervous system?

Answer 31

Anatomically and Functionally

Question 32

What are the main parts of the CNS?

Answer 32

Brain, Brain Stem, and Spinal Cord

Question 33

What are the two main parts of the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 33

Autonomic - unconscious control of body systems/ nerves that connect the CNS to the visceral organs Somatic - conducts sensorimotor signals/voluntary control of the body/nerves that go to the skin and muscle

Question 34

Break the Autonomic control into two parts.

Answer 34

1. Sympathetic - fight, flight, or freeze 2. Parasympathetic - return to rest

Question 35

What makes up the physical side of the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 35

nerves extending out from the brainstem and spinal cord

Question 36

What two types of information carrying fibers?

Answer 36

Sensory/Afferent fibers - sensory info to the CNS from the body Motor/Efferent fibers - motor impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the body

Question 37

Where do the brain and spinal cord connect?

Answer 37

Foramen Magnum

Question 38

What is the Foramen Magnum?

Answer 38

It connects the brain and spinal cord. It's an opening in the occipital bone of the cranium. Where the medulla oblongata enters/exits the skull.

Question 39

What are the prominences in the brain called?

Answer 39

singular - gyrus plural - gyri

Question 40

What are the grooves of the brain called?

Answer 40

fissures singular - sulcus plural - sulci fissures are deeper grooves than sulci

Question 41

What are the fluid filled cavities in the brain?

Answer 41

ventricles

Question 42

What are the three parts of the brain?

Answer 42

Cerebrum, Brainstem, Cerebellum

Question 43

Another name for the cerebrum

Answer 43

Telencephalon

Question 44

What connects the cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 44

Corpus Callosum

Question 45

What cells make up grey matter?

Answer 45

Nerve cells and glia cells

Question 46

What fibers make up the white matter of the brain?

Answer 46

Axonal fibers

Question 47

The four lobes of each brain hemisphere:

Answer 47

Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital

Question 48

Which hemisphere is responsible for expressive emotional prosody?

Answer 48

Right Hemisphere of the Inferior Frontal Lobe

Question 49

Which hemisphere is responsible for basic expressive language?

Answer 49

Left Hemisphere of the Inferior Frontal Lobe