Exam 1

Question 1

T/F: Berries, cherries, soybeans, whole-grains and other whole, fresh foods are examples of “functional foods”.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/F: It is possible to be overweight but malnourished.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F: The foods we eat can affect the expression of certain genes in a way that can increase or decrease our risk for certain diseases.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

_______ function as chemical catalysts for biochemical reactions in the body (and end with an “ase” suffix).

Answer 4

Enzymes

Question 5

What are the three macronutrients?

Answer 5

Lipids (fats), proteins, carbs.

Question 6

T/F: Research studies show that the majority of Americans eat their meals away from home.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F: According to most studies, eating breakfast is an effective way to promote weight loss and provide satiety (fullness) throughout the day.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

T/F: The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the recommendation set to guard against over-consumption of certain nutrients.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

T/F: The daily values for potassium, folic acid, and vitamin D must be on a food label

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Which agency enforces and regulates the information on food labels?

Answer 10

The Food and Drug administration (FDA)

Question 11

T/F: The ingredients on the food label are listed in descending order by weight, with the heavist items listed first

Answer 11

True

Question 12

When no Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is established for a nutrient, which reference value is used as the alternative?

Answer 12

AI (Adequate Intake)

Question 13

Which organ receives nutrients from the small intestine via the portal vein, produces bile (needed for lipid digestion) and is a site for drug and alcohol metabolism?

Answer 13

The liver

Question 14

What is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?

Answer 14

Water and electrolytes

Question 15

If a significant length of the small intestine was not functioning properly, would digestion and/or absorption would be affected?

Answer 15

Both digestion and absorption would be affected.

Question 16

What does a sphincter do?

Answer 16

Regulates the directional flow of gastrointestinal contents.

Question 17

Without adequate _____, one would have difficulty swallowing, cause possible damage to the tissue lining the esophagus, and have the inability to taste food.

Answer 17

Saliva

Question 18

If the epiglottis does not function properly, what will happen?

Answer 18

One will choke.

Question 19

Absorption occurs primarily in the _________.

Answer 19

Small intestine (NOT STOMACH)

Question 20

T/F: Lipase is an example of an enzyme that breaks down proteins digestion.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

Are accidents among the 4 diet-related causes of death in the United States?

Answer 21

No.

Question 22

Choosing a cereal that’s fortified instead of one that’s non-fortified is an example of a food choice based on:

Answer 22

Nutrition and health benefits

Question 23

Someone who eats a chocolate chip cookie instead of an oatmeal raisin cookie because they like the taste of chocolate is making a food choice based on:

Answer 23

Taste and Enjoyment

Question 24

What is the 90:10 rule?

Answer 24

Choose healthy food choices 90% of the time and unhealthy the other 10%

Question 25

What are the 6 "ABCDMV" principles of healthy eating?

Answer 25

Adequacy, Balance, Calorie Control, Nutrient Density, Moderation, Variety

Question 26

Among the organs in the GI Tract, this one is the strongest because it has circular, longitudinal, and diagonal muscle layers.

Answer 26

Stomach

Question 27

Which of the following Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) recommendations were developed to guard against overconsumption?

Answer 27

UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Levels)

Question 28

The sphincter that is situated between the esophagus and stomach is sometimes referred to as the ____________ .

Answer 28

Cardiac Sphincter

Question 29

T/F: The dietary guidelines developed by the FDA (Food & Drug Admin) and NIH (National Institutes of Health)?

Answer 29

False

Question 30

T/F: The lymphatic system is a circulatory system that contains white blood cells and carries water-soluble compounds

Answer 30

True

Question 31

According to the MyPlate recommendations, what proportion of your plate should consist of produce (fruits and vegetables)?

Answer 31

50% (1/2)

Question 32

Collecting blood and urine samples to determine suboptimal functions inside the body is an example of what type of assessment method?

Answer 32

Biochemical data

Question 33

A(n) ______ is circular muscle that opens and closes to regulate the movement of food particles during digestion.

Answer 33

Sphincter

Question 34

In nutrition research, what is a control that mimics the intervention without causing an effect (i.e. a sugar pill)?

Answer 34

A placebo

Question 35

T/F: Vitamins provide direct energy in the body.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

T/F: A nutrient dense diet provides a lot of energy (kcals) in a small volume of food.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

T/F: Bicarbonate is an enzyme that's secreted by the liver to aid in lipid digestion

Answer 37

False

Question 38

Height, weight, head-circumference or fat-fold measurements that are used to evaluate an individual's nutrition status are examples of ______________.

Answer 38

Anthropometric measurements

Question 39

T/F: Nutrients, (such as iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and folate) are restored back to enriched foods after processing.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Where in the GI tract would you find villi and microvilli?

Answer 40

Small intestine

Question 41

Should one increase or decrease fiber and/or fluid intake to avoid constipation?

Answer 41

Increase fiber and fluid.

Question 42

Which cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach walls from gastric juices?

Answer 42

Goblet cells.

Question 43

T/F: A medical doctor is always a reputable (has a good reputation) source for nutrition information.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

T/F: The terms "fortified" and "enriched" are the same and can be used interchangeably.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

T/F: The pyloric sphincter is located at the top of the esophagus. And, like all sphincters, it is a circular muscle that opens and closes to regulate the movement of food particles.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

What order of do the segments of the small intestine go in? Illeum (12 feet) Duodenum (10 inches) Jejunum (8 feet)

Answer 46

Duodenum (10 inches), Jejunum (8 feet), Ileum (12 feet)

Question 47

T/F: Collecting a urine sample is an example of an anthropometric assessment method.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

Is there such thing as a bad food?

Answer 48

No

Question 49

Blueberries, yogurt and spinach are examples of a ______ food.

Answer 49

"Green light"