What is the de facto method of census taking?
Everyone in the country at the time, even if not citizens, including tourists
What is the de jure method of census taking?
Those who legally belong to a given area, regardless of location on census day
What is the usual method of census taking?
Consider where one usually sleeps (such as on campus), homeless people and migrant workers are counted where they are found, omit tourists and foreign business people
How to calculate dependency ratio
Number of persons who are of working age
x100
How to calculate sex ratio
Number of Males ------------------------------ Number of Females x100 Average is 102 to 106
Crude birth rate calculation and disadvantages
Midyear Population
x1000
Ignores who’s at risk of having births
Ignores the age structure in the population
Age-specific fertility rate calculation, advantage, and disadvantage
(Total women aged x to (x+5))
x 1000
Advantage: incorporates age structure
Disadvantage: awkward for comparing entire populations
Total fertility rate calculation, advantages
1000
Advantages: Easily interpreted, easy to compare across populations
What is replacement TFR?
2.1
What does infecund mean?
Infertile
What is the average fertility for natural fertility areas?
6.1
What is the TFR in the US?
1.8
What are the points of demographic transition theory?
Industrialization, modernization, urbanization, and changing women’s roles and decreasing fertility
What are the points of Davis’ theory?
o Poor: have many kids because it is rational – need labor, old age security, etc.
o Better off: Kids expensive, so rational to have fewer
What are the points of Easterlin’s theory?
The standard of living you experience in late childhood will influence your willingness to have kids
What is the difference between lifespan and longevity?
- Lifespan: “finitude of life” – the oldest age to which a person can survive, Entirely biological, Kane Tanaka is oldest currently at 116
- Longevity: average length of life, Both biological and social
What are types of causes of death?
- Chronic Diseases (degeneration)
- Communicable Diseases
- Products of the social and economic environment
How to calculate Crude Death Rate
midyear population in a year
x 1000
How to calculate Age Specific Death Rate
average number of people aged x to (x+t)
x 1000
How to calculate Infant Mortality Rate
number of live births in a year
x1000
What is life expectancy?
The number of years a hypothetical person born in a year could expect to live, if he/she experienced the age/sex specific death rates observed in that year
What is the Epidemiological Transition?
Moving from very high to very low mortality rates, Switch in main cause of death from communicable diseases to degenerative diseases