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Biochem > exam 2 review > Flashcards

exam 2 review Flashcards

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1
Q

stimulants

A
  1. sudafed
  2. amphetamines
  3. caffeine
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2
Q

cannot be made from the hydrolysis of starch

A
  1. amylase
  2. galactose
  3. glycerol
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3
Q

water soluble

A
  1. sucrose
  2. fructose
  3. pentose
  4. salt
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4
Q

react with a benedicts solution

A
  1. maltose
  2. aldopentose
    3.
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5
Q

true neurotransmitters

A
  1. they are chemicals that transmits a nerve impulse across a synapse
  2. certain drugs can increase the effect of the NT
  3. most are synthesized in the body from amino acids
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6
Q

true monosaccharides

A
  1. natrually occuring monosaccharides are usually ā€œdā€ sugars
  2. their closed forms are in equilibrium with their open forms
  3. they can bass through cell membrane
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7
Q

valium and xanax affect this neurotransmitter

A

GABA

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8
Q

patients with parkinsons disease have too little

A

dopamine

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9
Q

anti-depressants affect this neurotransmitter

A

serotonin

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10
Q

neurotransmitter that affects the amount of stomach acid produced

A

histamine

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11
Q

cocaine affects the re-uptake of this neurotransmitter, causing high levels of this neurotransmitter to build up in the synapses

A

dopamine

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12
Q

alzheimers patients have too little of this neurotransmitter

A

acetylcholine

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13
Q

produced by the body in response to an allergic reaction

A

histamine

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14
Q

involved in the brain with short term memory

A

acetylcholine

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15
Q

neurotransmitter that is referred to as involved in body temperature and sleep

A

serotonin

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16
Q

neurotransmitter that is thought to be involved in eating disorders

A

serotonin

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17
Q

neurotransmitter reffered to as a dopamine modulator. it reduces anxiety

A

GABA

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18
Q

neurotransmitter made from dopamine

A

norphinephrine

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19
Q

excess of this neurotransmiter can lead to schizophrenic symptoms

A

dopamine

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20
Q

nicotine mimics this neurotransmitter, thus enhancing mental alertness

A

acetylcholine

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21
Q

what monosaccharide is found in cellulose

A

glucose

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22
Q

compound that mimics acetylcholine

this compoud can be fatal if ingested

A

nicotine

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23
Q

used in dentistry as local anesthetic

A

novocaine

lidocaine

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24
Q

compound given in clinics used to treat heroin addicts

addictive

A

methadone

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25
heroin antagonist which is used in emergency rooms to treat heroin overdosing
naloxone
26
synthetic narcotic used in hospital which is milder than morphine
demerol
27
name of a specific drug used as a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor
paxil zoloft prozac
28
what is an equal amount of enantiomers called
racemic mixture
29
what is the relationship of D-glucose and L-glucose
enantiomers
30
what is the relationship of alpha D-glucose and beta D-glucose (not diasteromers)
anomers
31
what is the sweetest carbohydrate
fructose
32
what is the name of the branched part of the starch
amylopectin
33
what carbohydrate is used in baby cereal and as a glue on stamps and envelopes
dextrins
34
what polysaccharide has beta 1-4 linkages that cannot be digested by humans
cellulose
35
glucose is stored in the liver and muscles as this
glycogen
36
street drug synthesized from morphine
heroin
37
ampehtamine abused on college campus which is used as a "study" aid
adderall
38
what is the compound that is amde from the coca plant
cocaine
39
compound given to patients with parkinson's disease to lessen the symptoms
Dopa | L-DOPA
40
any compound that mimics the activity of a drug is called
agonist
41
the receptor site for morphine are actually the same receptor sites for what compounds (which are produced by the body)
endorphins
42
what is the term for the effect of one drug enhancing the action of another
synergistic
43
what polysaccharide is found in grass and wood
cellulose
44
what other monosaccharide (other than glucose) is found in table sugar
fructose
45
the closed form of a monosaccharide is a hemiacetal, while a glycoside is an acetal
true
46
it is safe to give a pair of enantiomeric drugs because one is physiologically active and the other is NEVER physiologically active
False
47
MAO inhibitors will inhibit the enzyme which degrades most NT
true
48
ritalin is sedative which is used to treat hyperactive children
false
49
if a compound has a plane of symmetry it still can be optically active
false
50
enantiomers are always mirror images of each other and superimposable
false
51
D-glucose can easily be converted to L-glucose
false
52
smokers contract parkinsons disease less often than non-smokers
true
53
corn has a greater % of starch than potatoes
true
54
diasteromers are steroisomers with two or more chiral carbons and are not mirror images
true
55
compounds with chiral carbons are always optically active
false | meso compounds
56
galactosemia, galactose is not converted to glucose and can build up in the brain
true
57
a reducing sugar is a sugar that can be reduced
false | oxidized
58
alpha D-ribose in solution can open up and can close up to beta D-ribose
true
59
enantiomers have the same melting points and boiling points
true
60
DOPA can pass through the BBB while dopamine cannot
true
61
Thorazine is an antipsychotic drug that is a dopamine agonist
false | antagonist
62
cocaine addiction can cause a decrease in the number of dopamine receptor sites
true
63
anti-anxiety medication can be addictive
true
64
paranoia can be caused by amphetamine abuse
true
65
all meso compounds have a plane of symmetry and on or more chiral carbons
false | two or more
66
polysaccharides are not very soluble in water
true
67
serotonin antagonists are used to treat depression and OCD
false
68
an overdose of anti-psychotic drugs can lead to parkinson's symptoms
true
69
starch gives a positive iodine test because the I2 reacts with the aldehyde and the amylose
false
70
dextrose is given intravenously instead of glucose because it is easier to metabolize
false | dextrose is glucose
71
many of the artificial sweeteners (non-carbohydrates) were discovered by accident
true
72
what was the name of the girlfriend of the researcher that first synthesized the precusors to seconal, luminal, and nembutal
barbara
73
how many D-aldohexoses are there
8 | 2^3= 8
74
how many D-2-ketopentoses are there
2
75
bottle gave a negative iodine test and postitive tollens test. the results did not change after acid was added
glucose
76
bottle gave a postive iodine test and a negative tollens test when hydrolyzed with acid, however it gave a negative iodine test and a positive tollens test
starch
77
bottle gave a negative iodine test and a negative tollens test when hydrolyzed with acid it still gave a negative iodine test but gave a postitve tollens test
sucrose
78
what does ferric chloride (FeCl3) test for
phenols
79
structure for B-hydroxypentanamide
CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2(C=O)-NH2

Biochem (27 decks)

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