exam 2 - unit 8 - ch 23

Question 1

did pres wilson have any desire to embroil the us in the bloody and lengthy war that was going on in the us

Answer 1

no

Question 2

what did wilsons foreign policy through his first term and his campaign for reelection focus on

Answer 2

keeping the us out of the war and involving the country in international affairs only when there was moral imperative to do so

Question 3

what countries were in the triple entente alliance

Answer 3

france, great britan, and russia

Question 4

who was in the central powers, or the triple alliance, that was opposite the triple entente alliance

Answer 4

germany, austria-hungary, and the ottoman empire, and initially italy

Question 5

a series of side treaties likewise entangled the larger european powers to what

Answer 5

the larger powers to protect several smaller ones should war break out

Question 6

in bosnia’s capital of _____, gavrilo princip and his accomplices assassinated the _____ _____ archduke in their fight for a ___ ____ nation

Answer 6

sarajevo
austro-hungarian
pan-slavic

Question 7

why did austria-hungary declare war serbia with the confidence that it had the backing of germany

Answer 7

bc serbia failed to accede to austro-hungarian demands in the wake of the archdukes murder

Question 8

why did austria declaring war on serbia bring russia into the conflict

Answer 8

due to a treaty in which they had agreed to defend serbia

Question 9

why did germany follow suit and declare war on russia

Answer 9

they feared that russia and france would seize the opportunity to move on germany if they did not take the offense

Question 10

what drew great britan into war

Answer 10

the german invasion of belgium

Question 11

what followed britain joining the war

Answer 11

the attack of the ottoman empire on russia

Question 12

by the end of ____ ____ is seemed as if europe had dragged the entire world into war

Answer 12

august 1914

Question 13

what were some weapons that both sides used

Answer 13

new artillery, tanks, airplanes, machine guns, barbed wire, and poison gas

Question 14

what did the new weapons do

Answer 14

strengthened defenses
turned each military offense into barbarous sacrifices of thousands of lives with minimal territorial advances in return

Question 15

what was the total military death toll by the end of the war

Answer 15

10 M

Question 16

how many civilian deaths caused by military action

Answer 16

1 M

Question 17

civilian deaths caused by famine, disease, or other factors

Answer 17

6 M

Question 18

what was one terrifying new piece of technology warfare did the germans use

Answer 18

the german unterseeboot - and undersea boat or U-boat

Question 19

by 1918, german u-boats had sunk nearly ________ vessels

Answer 19

5,000

Question 20

what was the greatest historical note of the u-boats

Answer 20

the attack on the british passenger ship, RMS Lusitania on its way from NY to liverpool on may 7, 1915

Question 21

what was the cause of the attack on the rms lusitania

Answer 21

the german embassy in the us announced that this ship would be subject to attack for its cargo of ammunition, which later proved accurate

Question 22

how many people dies in the attack on the rms lusitania

Answer 22

1,200 civilians including 128 americans

Question 23

what event tested wilsons desire to stay out of what had been a largely euro conflict

Answer 23

the attack on the rms lusitania, which horrified the world and gained support for england and beyond for the war

Question 24

how did the zimmermann telegram start

Answer 24

the british intercepted and decoded a secret telegram from german foreign minister aurthus zimmerman to the german embassador to mexico

Question 25

what did the telegram say

Answer 25

it instructed the latter to invite mexico to join the war effort on the german side, if the us declared war on germany

Question 26

the telegram also encouraged mexico to do what

Answer 26

invade the us if a declaration came to pass, bc mexico's invasion would create a diversion and permit germany a clear path to victory

Question 27

what did zimmerman promise mexico in exchange in the telegram

Answer 27

he would return mexico the land they lost to the us in the mexican-american war, including arizona, NM and TX

Question 28

wilsons last effort to avoid bringing the us into ww1 was captured on what

Answer 28

in a speech he gave to the us senate on jan 22,1917

Question 29

what was the speech's name that wilson gave as a last effort

Answer 29

peace without victory

Question 30

what was wilsons speech about for the last effort

Answer 30

extolled the country to be patient, as the countries involved in the war were nearing peace

Question 31

did wilson enter the war unwillingly

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

once the us joined the war, wilson moved quickly to use ____ _____ and ____ _____ to put into place the conditions for the nations success

Answer 32

federal legislation government oversight

Question 33

what ensured that americans would either support the war or at least stay silent

Answer 33

aggressive propaganda campaigns combined with a series of restrictive laws to silent dissenters

Question 34

while some conscientious objectors and others spoke out, the ____ ______ were largely successful in silencing those who favored ______

Answer 34

government efforts neutrality

Question 35

to compose a fighting force, congress passed the _____ _____ ____ in 1917

Answer 35

selective service act

Question 36

what did the selective service acy to in 1917

Answer 36

required all men aged 21-30 to register for the draft

Question 37

in 1918, what changed about the draft

Answer 37

the ages changed to 18-45

Question 38

how many men participated in combat operations overseas

Answer 38

2 M men

Question 39

among the volunteers, houw many woman

Answer 39

20,000

Question 40

what part of the woman went to france to serve as nurses or in clerical positions

Answer 40

quarter

Question 41

some school banned the teaching of the ____ ____

Answer 41

german language

Question 42

what did some restaurants serve instead of frankfurters, sauerkraut, and hamburgers

Answer 42

liberty dogs with liberty cabbage liberty sandwiches

Question 43

symphonies refused to preform music written by ______ composers

Answer 43

german

Question 44

what did the sedition act, passed in 1918 do

Answer 44

prohibited any criticism or disloyal language against the us

Question 45

what was banned from critisicing from the sedition act

Answer 45

fed gov and its policies, the us constitution, military uniform or the american flag

Question 46

more than ______ persons were charged with violating these laws, and many received prison sentences of up to ______ years

Answer 46

2,000 20 years

Question 47

in 1917, roger baldwin formed the ____ _____ _____ _____

Answer 47

national civil liberties bureau

Question 48

what was the national civil liberties a forerunner of

Answer 48

the american civil liberties union

Question 49

what did the national civil liberties bureau do

Answer 49

challenged the government's policies against wartime dissent and conscienctious objection

Question 50

for what groups did the war provide opportunities for advancement

Answer 50

woman and blacks

Question 51

how did they gain advancement

Answer 51

they took on jobs that had previously been preserved for white men

Question 52

in return for a ___ ____ pledge, workers gained the right to organize

Answer 52

no strike

Question 53

many of these shifts were ______ and the end of the war came with a _____ _____ that the old social order would be ______

Answer 53

temporary cultural expectation reinstated

Question 54

for women, the ______ _____ was complicated by the war

Answer 54

economic situation

Question 55

why were things complicated for women by the war

Answer 55

the departure of wage-earning men and the higher cost of living pushed many towards less comfortable lives

Question 56

what happened when the war ended and the men returned home looking for work

Answer 56

women were fired from their jobs and expected to return home and care for their families

Question 57

blacks served in ______ unites and suffered from the widespread racism in the military _____, often serving in menial or _______ roles

Answer 57

segregated hierarchy support

Question 58

what was the 369th infantry known as

Answer 58

the harlem hellfighters

Question 59

what did the harlem hellfighters do

Answer 59

served on the frontline of france for 6 months, longer than any other american unit

Question 60

171 men from the 369 infantry received the _____ of ______ for meritorious service in combat

Answer 60

legion of merit

Question 61

the 19th amendment passed in ______ ____ and the states ratified if by august ____

Answer 61

june 1919 1920

Question 62

what did the 19th amendment do

Answer 62

prohibited all efforts to deny the right to vote on the basis of sex: it took effect in time for american women to vote in the pres election of 1920

Question 63

compared to the incredible carnage endured by europe, the us's battles were _____ and _______

Answer 63

brief and successful

Question 64

for wilson, the victory in the fields of france was not followed by triumphs in ______ or ______, where his vision of a new world order was rejected by his allied _____ and then by the us ______

Answer 64

versailles washington dc counterparts congress

Question 65

the russian revolution toppled the hate regime of

Answer 65

tsar nicholas II

Question 66

the russian revolution ushered in a ____ ____ from which the bolshevik faction of ______ _______ under the leadership of vladimir linin emerged victorious

Answer 66

civil war communist revolutionaries

Question 67

why did the russian delegates agree to sign a generous peace treaty with germany

Answer 67

they were weakened by war and internal strife, eager to build a new soviet union

Question 68

what was the result of facing civil unrest from the german people in berlin and the loss of support from his military high command

Answer 68

kaiser wilhem abdicated his throne on nov 9, 1918 and immediately fled by train to the netherlands

Question 69

on nov 11, 1918, germany and allies declared an _____ ____, thus bringing the fighting to a stop and signaling the beginning of the peace process

Answer 69

immediate armistice

Question 70

what became known as the 14 points

Answer 70

openness in all matters of diplomacy and trade, especially free trade, freedom of seas, and end to secret treaties and negotiations, promotion of self-determination of all nations and more

Question 71

what was the league of nations

Answer 71

wilsons idea for a group of countries that would promote a new world order and territorial integrity through open discussions rather than the intimidation and war

Question 72

what officially concluded ww1

Answer 72

the treaty of versallies

Question 73

from the treaty of versallies, france gained much of the disputed _____ along their border with germany

Answer 73

territory

Question 74

what else did france gain from the treaty

Answer 74

passage of a "war guilt clause" that demanded germany take public responsibility for starting and prosecuting the war that led to so much deaths and destruction

Question 75

GB led the charge that resulted in germany agreeing to pay reparation in excess of ____ _____ to the allies

Answer 75

33 billion

Question 76

americans indicated their desire for a gov that would leave them alone, keep taxes low, and limit social progressivism and international intervention by doing what

Answer 76

voting in pres warren g harding in a landslide election

Question 77

what was an unexpected and unwanted effect of soldiers returning hom

Answer 77

the emergence of a new strain of influenza that medical professionals had never encountered before

Question 78

how may americans fell ill from the flu within months of the wars end

Answer 78

20 M

Question 79

how many americans died from the flu

Answer 79

675,000

Question 80

when did the disease mysteriously disappear

Answer 80

1919

Question 81

worldwide, the estimate shows that _____ M people suffered form this flu strain and __ M people died

Answer 81

500 M 50M

Question 82

during the ____ ____ of 1919, northern cities recorded 25 bloody race riots that killed over 250 people

Answer 82

red summer

Question 83

what happened at the chicago race riot in 1919

Answer 83

a white mob stoned a young black boy to death because he swam too close to the white beach on lake michigan

Question 84

did police arrest the perpetrator who threw the rock a the black boy

Answer 84

no

Question 85

the chicago race riot led to a ____ long riot that left __ blacks and __ whites dead, as well as ___ dollars' worth of damage to the city

Answer 85

week long 23 15 millions