Caudal Crux Lig fn
Ca I E
⛔️Ca drawer/sublux
⛔️internal rotation
⛔️hyperext
Dx collateral ligg rupture
Tx
MCl: Valgus stress test➡️rod press on LATERAL femur➡️ open medial
LCL: Varus stress test➡️ rod press on MEDIAL tibia ➡️ open lateral
Tx:
Stretched = imbrication
Avulsion = screw bone fragment
Rupture = 2 screws & prosthetic suture
OCD
O.Latens➡️O.Manifesta (subclinical: rads✅) ➡️OCD (CS)
🎯SETS➡️ Stifle 4th MC
Bilat
MC medial aspect of LATERAL FC
🐶5-9mo
Tx:
Palliative- currette➡️fibrocartilage (fair-poor Px)
Restorative- OC Autograft transplant (unk Px)
CrCL
Type 1 col
Inserts Cr: Lat➡️Med
Cr I E
⛔️hyperext
⛔️Internsl rot
⛔️Cr tibial transloc
MC Ortho Sx treated dis
MC Cause of PL Lameness
1° Biological spont degen➡️ bilat w/in 1yr
Colat band drawer signs
Partial Med tear: normal in ext, ✅positive drawerin FLEXION
If only Lat band torns➡️🚫 drawer in both
Meniscal tears
1° Ca. Horn of MEDIAL Meniscus due to CrCLR
NON-wt bear lame
Positive SIT TEST
Dx CrCLR
Cr drawer test (passive)
Tibial compression test/Cr tibial thrust (dynamic)
TiTa lux
1° repair- tibia pops➡️ MEDIAL = lateral malleolus Fibula Fx
Pin fib➡️tib
Suture colat ligg
Pantarsal arthrodesis- degloving injury of MEDIAL tarsus➡️ lux/fx ⭐️4 🎯 BCRF Bone graft Compression Rigid fix Fn angle
Achilles
Common calcanean tendon =
Gastrocnemius
SDFT ➡️ switches to most superficial 1/2 leg
Tendons: biceps femoris, semitendinous, gracillis
Plantigrade stance CS
COMPLETE Rupture Calcanean tendon
Trauma/mechanical overload
MC midsubstance tear
Tx: 3-loop pulley or locking loop suture patterns
Px: 😄 good
Partial disruption
Dropped hock ⭐️bunched up toes
✅SDFT still intact
Chronic tear➡️heal
Thicken Cal-tendon
Tx: 3-loop pulley or locking loop suture patterns
Px: gaurded ⚔
Ortho trauma triage
ABCD
Airway/breathing
Circulation
Disability
Ortho trauma triage
ABCD
Airway/breathing
Circulation
Disability
CREPI
Crepitus Range of motion Effusion Pain Instability
Open Fx
ALWAYS 🚨🚑
Culture all wounds
Start BS Abx: amp + flouroquinolone
Lux
MC Coxofemoral jt ➡️ CrD
Tx: Ehmer sling
Elbow lux ➡️ Lat»_space; Med
Tx: Spica splint
Biomech
Forces:
Compression- ⬇️ axis
Tension- pull
Shear- diagonal/slide
Bending = CT = concave & convex Torsion = CTS
⬆️D : ⬆️F shear
Cortical bone ➡️ strongest in compression
Torsion
Spiral Fx propagate along 30° line
Fx assessment
Mechanical:
1 fx line/1 limb ➡️ 🚨 comminuted/multi limb
Bio:
Young/healthy/cancellous(metaphysis) bone ➡️🚨 poor ST coverage/cortical bone/high v
Clinical:
Good 🐶/client/stoic ➡️ 🚨 poor compliance/aggressive🐶/ wimp (1° sighthounds ➡️ high stress)
Primary healing
🚫callus
Req: PERFECT align & low motion/strain
Reform Haversian system
Secondary healing
✅callus forms
MC form
Endochond/intramem bone heal
Due to micromotions & °instability
Strain theory of bone healing
Fx gap tissue type tolerates a sp. degree of motion
Strain eqn
(🔼gap w)/(total orig gap w) = % strain
100% - granulation
10% - cartilage
2% - bone