Exam 3 Body Comp

Question 1

Body comp

Answer 1

Body’s relative amount of fat and fat free mass

Question 2

Essential fat and the limits for men and women

Answer 2

The minimum amount of fat that you can have on your body

Men —> 3-5%
Women —> 8-12%

Question 3

Why do women require more body fat

Answer 3

Because fat helps with hormone production for reproduction

Question 4

Adipose tissue

Answer 4

Connective tissue where fat is stored

Question 5

2 types of non essential fat

Answer 5

1. Subcutaneous —> stored in fat cells under skin (submarine = under)
2. Visceral —> fat around organs

Question 6

5 ways to asses body fat %

Answer 6

1. Hydrostatic weighing
2. Pod bod
3. Skin folds
4. Bioelectric impedance analysis
5. DEXA

Question 7

Hydrostatic weighing

Answer 7

• in water
• higher body fat = float more
• have to let all air out
• fear of water?

Question 8

The pod bod

Answer 8

Measures with air displacement
- like hydrostatic but not in water

Question 9

Skin folds

Answer 9

Measures thickness of skin folds
- calliper error, competence, hydration

Question 10

Bioelectric impedance analysis

Answer 10

Sends electric current though body and measures resistance to it
- must read instructions carefully

Question 11

DEXA

Answer 11

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
- measures tissue absorption of X-ray beams
- Very expensive, very accurate

Question 12

3 ways to measure body at distribution

Answer 12

1. Waist circumference measurment
2. Waist -hip ratio and waist to height ratio
3. Somatotypes

Question 13

Waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio risks

Answer 13

Waist hip
- men —> above 0.94
- women —> above 0.82

Waist height
- above 0.5

Question 14

3 somatotypes

Answer 14

• ectomorph (tiny)
• mesomorph (muscle)
• endomorph (big)

Question 15

How to calculate BMI

Answer 15

Body weight (Kg) / height x height (m)

Question 16

What are the limitations of BMI

Answer 16

• doesnt differentiate between fat and fat free mass
• not very accurate

Question 17

Overweight vs obesity

Answer 17

Overweight —> over recommended body weight
Obese —> more severe

Question 18

What % of Canadians are obese/ overweight?

Answer 18

63%

Question 19

3 factors that contribute to excess body weight

Answer 19

1. Genetic
2. Physiological
3. Lifestyle

Question 20

Resting metabolic rate

Answer 20

Energy required to maintain vital bodily functions

• men have higher than women since they have more muscle mass

Question 21

Set point theory

Answer 21

You can influence you RMR over time through heathy diet and exercise

Question 22

Psychosocial factors that contribute to excess body weigth

Answer 22

Societies way of influencing us to crave unhealthy things
- actors eating cake

Question 23

Food deserts

Answer 23

Place where there is a lack of access to fruit, veg, and whole grain

Question 24

2 diseases linked to overweight

Answer 24

Metabolic syndrome
Diabetes

Question 25

Metabolic syndrome

Answer 25

Must have 3 / 5: 1. Large waistline 2. High blood pressure 3. High fasting blood pressure (insulin resistance) 4. High triglycerides 5. Low HDL

Question 26

What % of Canadians of metabolic syndrome

Answer 26

22%

Question 27

Diabetes

Answer 27

- disrupts normal metabolism - buildup of glucose in the bloodstream

Question 28

Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes

Answer 28

1 - 10% - insulin dependent (must inject it cuz they cant produce it) - autoimmune disorder - diagnose young 2 - pancreas doesnt produce insulin or cells are resistant to insulin - over 40 - poor diet, no exercise - lifestyle

Question 29

What can extreme leanness lead to?

Answer 29

- Reproductive issues - circulatory issues - immune system disorders