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Pharm 1 > Exam 3 Quiz > Flashcards

Exam 3 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

If pt has hx of angioedema, what htn class of meds would we avoid prescribing them?

A

ACEI

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2
Q

If pt has a hx of AV node dysfunction or a heart block, what htn class of meds would we avoid prescribing and why?

A

Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers, because we don’t want to block them down further

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3
Q

Male pt with HTN and BPH, what class of meds would we prescribe?

A

Alpha 1 blocker

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4
Q

If pt has hx of depression, what class of htn meds would we avoid prescribing?

A

Beta blockers

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5
Q

What class of HTN meds are first line for DM and why?

A

ACE/ARBS and they are renal protective

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6
Q

What class of HTN meds are contraindicated for DM and why?

A

Beta blockers, because they mask hypoglycemic symptoms

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7
Q

What class of htn meds do we avoid in pts with gout and why?

A

Thiazides (HCTZ), increase Uric acid levels

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8
Q

What htn med is first line in pregnancy?

A

Methyledopa

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9
Q

What is first line treatment for high blood pressure?

A

Lifestyle modifications

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10
Q

How many reading and how far apart is required to diagnose htn?

A

At least three readings 1 to 4 weeks apart

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11
Q

What htn medicine can cause reflex tachycardia?

A

Hydralazine

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12
Q

What htn med can cause peripheral edema?

A

Calcium Chanel blocker (amlodipine)

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13
Q

What class of htn meds can cause a cough?

A

ACE

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14
Q

What system regulated Na, K, and fluid balance?

A

RAAS

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15
Q

What is the first line treatment for high blood pressure in African Americans?

A

Lifestyle modifications

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16
Q

If lifestyle modifications fail, what is medical treatment in African Americans for htn?

A

HCTZ/ CCB

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17
Q

What is first line treatment for htn in pts with DM?

A

ACE/ARBs

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18
Q

Which class of hypertensive medications is contraindicated with heart failure?

A

CCBs (think saggy heart)

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19
Q

Which HTN meds should we avoid in a patient with a sulfa allergy?

A

Thiazides and loop diuretics.

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20
Q

MOA: sodium and chloride is inhibited in the ascending loop of henle and early distal tubules. Increased secretion of sodium and chloride?

A

Thiazide Diuretics

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21
Q

What medications MOA: sodium and chloride’s reabsorption is inhibited at the proximal and distal tubules and the loop of henle?

A

Loop Diuretics

22
Q

What medications MOA: interferes with sodium reabsorption at the distal tubules. Decreased potassium secretion.

A

Potassium Sparing Diuretics

23
Q

Which HTN medication is contraindicated in COPD?

A

Beta Blockers

24
Q

What medication do you not want to discontinue suddenly due to severe rebound hypertensive crisis. And to taper over 14 days?

A

Beta Blockers

25
Q

What HTN med can we not stop abruptly due to increased BP and we must education the patient of this?

A

Central Alpha 2 Receptor agonists

26
Q

What is the primary cause of hyperlipidemia?

A

Genetics and family history.

27
Q

Which HTN Med classes do we avoid in renal artery stenosis?

A

ACE and ARBs

28
Q

Which HTN meds blocks angiotensin 1 from converting to angiotensin 2?

A

ACE Inhibitors

29
Q

What HTN med has adverse effects of: chronic dry cough, angioedema and hyperkalemia?

A

ACE Inhibitors

30
Q

What HTN meds is used in pts. with DM?

A

ACE & ARBs

31
Q

What are the side effects of stopping a beta-blocker suddenly?

A

Rebound HTN

32
Q

What HTN med do we not use in a pt. with AV node dysfunction?

A

CCB

33
Q

What med decreases total cholesterol & LDL?

A

Zetia

34
Q

What is a side of effect of niacin?

A

Flushing, give aspirin

35
Q

What level of LDL do you want to decrease statin dose?

A

<40mg/dL

36
Q

MOA: blocks absorption of sugar molecules int he guts

A

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors

37
Q

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors med names?

A

Arcabose & Glyset

38
Q

What are some side effects of Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors?

A

Flatulance & diarrhea

39
Q

MOA: stimulates insulin release from the beta cells?

A

Sulfonylureas

40
Q

What oral anti-diabetic is not 1st line due to hypoglycemia?

A

Sulfonylureas

41
Q

Pt. education: go up 2-4 units every 3-4 days (NOT EVERYDAY)?

A

Long acting insulin

42
Q

Diagnosing DM: HbA1c & FBG levels?

A

HbA1c >6.5%

FBG >126

43
Q

Names of meglitinides?

A

starlix and prandin

44
Q

One major precaution with Metformin?

A

Iodine, do not take metformin the day of procedure with iodine dye or 48 hours after procedure

45
Q

What oral antidiabetic class do you want to increase water intake, sugar in urine and increased risk for UTIs?

A

SGLT-2 Inhibitors

46
Q

what oral antidiabetic do you not want to use in CHF patients?

A

TZDs

47
Q

When do we use Hydralazine?

A

Hypertensive emergencies and pre-eclampsia

48
Q

T/F is hydralazine a vasodilator?

A

True

49
Q

If patient was taking diltiazem and was hypotensive, would you hold this Med?

A

No! Diltiazem and verapamil are non-dihydropyridine CCB and are used more for rate control than BP.

50
Q

What Med would you prescribe your hypertensive pregnant patient?

A

Methyldopa (Aldomet) which is a central Alpha 2 receptor agonist

51
Q 
All of the following influence BP except?
A. Sympathetic nervous system
B. Mean arterial pressure
C. Baroreceptors
D. Cardiac output
A

B. Mean arterial pressure

Pharm 1 (4 decks)

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