EXAM 3 WEEK 8 Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

What promotes a good old age in most cultures?

A

Health, Security, Support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What factors are associated with whether older adults are accorded a position of high status in a culture?

A
  1. Valuable knowledge
  2. Control key family/resources
  3. Permitted to engage in useful and valued functions as long as possible
  4. There is role continuity throughout lifespan
  5. Age related role changes involve great responsibility, authority, and advisory capacity
  6. Extended family is common
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe factors that impact life expectancy

A

Life expectancy would increase to 83.3 years in the United States for women, and increase to 79.5 for men by 2030.

South Korea: women life expectancy 90.8

The USA has highest child and maternal mortality, homicide, and BMI Index of high income countries.

South Korea delayed onset of chronic disease and children nutrition is improving. South Korea has low BP and obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is arteriosclerosis?

A

The hardening of arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and late adulthood

What is stage 6?

A

Stage 6: intimacy vs isolation from 18 to 40
During this stage we are trying to find intimate connections with another person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and adulthood.

Describe stage 7

A

Generativity vs Stagnation
Middle age from 40 to 65
we are aware that we are getting closer to death, we try to successfully navigate this stage and if we fail we become focused on our selves and selfishness begins to follow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and adulthood.

Describe stage 8

A

Integrity vs Despair
During this stage 65bto death we know it is near and we reflect on life if we look back and see a fulfilling life we face death with integrity and wisdom if not we feel fear and. Despair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’ theory and identify the stages of this theory.

A

The Kubler-Ross model 5 stages of grief is a popular theory developed by Swiss American Elisabeth Kubler-Ross on how people deal with death, loss, and grief. Initially developed to help terminally ill accept their death, then the model was adapted by grief expert David Kessler to apply grief and tragedy as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross stages of grief

5 stages

A

Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

Doesn’t have a particular order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Discuss the role of gender in the aging process.

A

Femininity decreases in women and that masculinity in men decreases when they reach late adulthood. The evidence suggest that older men do become more feminine, nurturant, and sensitive but women do not become more masculine, assertive or dominant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain how attachment theory is relevant in middle and late adulthood.

A

Secure
Anxious-preoccupied
Dismissive-avoidant’fearful-avoidant
Older adults have fewer attachment relationships than younger adults
Attachment anxiety decreases with increasing age
Attachment security is linked to psychological and physical wellbeing in older adults.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What role do hormones play in the aging process and describe any gender differences.

A

When people experience stress the body responds by releasing different hormones. When people age hormones stimulated by stress remain elevated at longer levels. Prolonged and elevated stress related hormones make you at risk for diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. Stress buffering strategies include exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define the different types of intelligence and any changes that occur across the lifespan.

A

Cognitive mechanics are more likely to decline in older adults than cognitive pragmatics.

Cognitive Mechanics: the neuropsychological architecture
Cognitive Pragmatics: the culture based software of the mind

Speed of processing declines in older adults. Older adults attention decline more on complex than simple tasks.

MEMORY: late adulthood explicit memory declines more than implicit memory. Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory, working memory decline in late adulthood.

Cognitive control and working memory decline in late adulthood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe 2 different cognitive disorders that most often occurs in middle to late adulthood

A

Dementia - a deterioration of mental functioning. Unable to recognize familiar surroundings and people including family members.

23% of women and 17% of men 85 years and older are at risk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe 2 different cognitive disorders

A

Alzheimer’s disease - progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and physical function

10% of people 65 and older develop Alzheimer’s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe 2 different cognitive disorders

A

Parkinson’s disease- chronic, progressive disease characterized by muscle tremors, slowing of movement and partial facial paralysis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define what is meant by “mid life crisis”

A

Is a transition of identity and self-confidence that occurs in middle aged individuals between the age of 45 to 65. Highlights persons age, inevitable mortality, and lack of accomplishments in life. More common in men and men who are more nurturing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the changes that occur in each of the senses in late adulthood

A

Most older adults lose sense of taste, smell, or both. Loses began at 60 years of age. 80 years and older experience reduction in smell. Poorer sense of smell is associated with increased feelings of loneliness and depression.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe how nutrition and the aging process are connected

A

Inadequate nutrition intake can lead to deficiency related diseases. Anemia which is deficiency in healthy red blood cells, frailty, and blindness. Chronic diseases associated with aging include osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Excessive risk of carbohydrates can increase risk for diabetes.

20
Q

Discuss methods to help improve memory of middle and late adulthood

A

Fast and easier memory based strategies, by managing appointments on a calendar routinely and a mindfulness program.

21
Q

Define successful aging

A

Maintenance from Activities from earlier years leads to successful aging.

22
Q

ADHD

A

Disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, and low tolerance for frustration and a great deal of inappropriate activity

23
Q

Marital relations

A

Satisfying sex life was most important until warm interpersonal relationships then stable marriage was considered the end of adult development until 1930’s. Now personal fulfillment both inside and outside the marriage is equally important. High expectations make marriages more difficult. Marital satisfaction is at its worst when children are young.

24
Q

Binge drinking is defined as consuming ____ or more alcoholic drinks in a row in one time period.

25
Young adulthood is also a time when casual sex is __ common.
Much more
26
The hallmark of _____ thought includes the ability to think abstractly and also to consider alternatives and possibilities
Formal operational
27
Recent estimates are that _____ of young adults struggle in finding a chosen career path
50%
28
George Villant developed the Vailliant’s theory of _____ development
Adult
29
According to some theories, this stage involves thinking of the next generation and taking active means to help them on an individual level.
Generativity
30
He referred to the last stage of life as the “evening of life”
Jung
31
The average woman will lose an average of ___ inches in height between the ages of 25 to 75 years of age
2 inches
32
Crystallized intelligence is a person’s _______ skills, along with the pool of knowledge that an individual has built over time.
Verbal
33
He began his exploration and writing about the meaning of life due to tragic events in which his parents, brother, and wife were all killed in concentration camps
Frankl
34
One potential source of _____ during middle age is the perceived loss of control that many individuals experience over life circumstances, primarily through the ongoing demands and responsibilities in work and family spheres, as well as the first experience of physical and cognitive aging.
Stress
35
According to Erik Erikson’s theory, the primary conflict during the stage of middle adulthood is Generativity vs ______
Stagnation
36
As we get into late adulthood, the brain will _____ in total volume.
Shrink
37
According to edapt, factors such as stress and genetics can influence the rate of _____ loss
Hair
38
Alzheimer’s disease is considered both progressive and _____ and involves the gradual and global deterioration of cognitive functioning.
Irreversible
39
This is a specific type of short-term memory where information is held in a short-term storage space and then utilized for such tasks as problem solving and decision making
Working
40
This is a specific type of short-term memory where information is held in a short-term storage space and then utilized for such tasks as problem solving and decision making
Working
41
This type of intervention has been found to be effective in increasing mood in older adults and in supporting the positive resolution of Erikson’s final stage toward integrity rather than despair
Reminiscence Therapy
42
This theory emphasizes that activity and involvement in older age are a paramount in creating life satisfaction
Activity theory
43
This theory emphasizes that activity and involvement in older age are a paramount in creating life satisfaction
Activity theory
44
This is the term for an individual formally communicating one’s preference regarding end of life care, including wishes for or termination of treatment, given different health scenarios
Advanced care planning
45
Elizabeth kubler-Ross created a theory regarding grief that proposes _______ different stages to the process of dealing with impending death and the grieving process.
5