EXAM 3 WEEK 8 Flashcards
(45 cards)
What promotes a good old age in most cultures?
Health, Security, Support
What factors are associated with whether older adults are accorded a position of high status in a culture?
- Valuable knowledge
- Control key family/resources
- Permitted to engage in useful and valued functions as long as possible
- There is role continuity throughout lifespan
- Age related role changes involve great responsibility, authority, and advisory capacity
- Extended family is common
Describe factors that impact life expectancy
Life expectancy would increase to 83.3 years in the United States for women, and increase to 79.5 for men by 2030.
South Korea: women life expectancy 90.8
The USA has highest child and maternal mortality, homicide, and BMI Index of high income countries.
South Korea delayed onset of chronic disease and children nutrition is improving. South Korea has low BP and obesity
What is arteriosclerosis?
The hardening of arteries
Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and late adulthood
What is stage 6?
Stage 6: intimacy vs isolation from 18 to 40
During this stage we are trying to find intimate connections with another person
Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and adulthood.
Describe stage 7
Generativity vs Stagnation
Middle age from 40 to 65
we are aware that we are getting closer to death, we try to successfully navigate this stage and if we fail we become focused on our selves and selfishness begins to follow
Describe the stages of Erikson’s lifespan development that influence middle and adulthood.
Describe stage 8
Integrity vs Despair
During this stage 65bto death we know it is near and we reflect on life if we look back and see a fulfilling life we face death with integrity and wisdom if not we feel fear and. Despair
Explain Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’ theory and identify the stages of this theory.
The Kubler-Ross model 5 stages of grief is a popular theory developed by Swiss American Elisabeth Kubler-Ross on how people deal with death, loss, and grief. Initially developed to help terminally ill accept their death, then the model was adapted by grief expert David Kessler to apply grief and tragedy as well
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross stages of grief
5 stages
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
Doesn’t have a particular order
Discuss the role of gender in the aging process.
Femininity decreases in women and that masculinity in men decreases when they reach late adulthood. The evidence suggest that older men do become more feminine, nurturant, and sensitive but women do not become more masculine, assertive or dominant.
Explain how attachment theory is relevant in middle and late adulthood.
Secure
Anxious-preoccupied
Dismissive-avoidant’fearful-avoidant
Older adults have fewer attachment relationships than younger adults
Attachment anxiety decreases with increasing age
Attachment security is linked to psychological and physical wellbeing in older adults.
What role do hormones play in the aging process and describe any gender differences.
When people experience stress the body responds by releasing different hormones. When people age hormones stimulated by stress remain elevated at longer levels. Prolonged and elevated stress related hormones make you at risk for diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. Stress buffering strategies include exercise
Define the different types of intelligence and any changes that occur across the lifespan.
Cognitive mechanics are more likely to decline in older adults than cognitive pragmatics.
Cognitive Mechanics: the neuropsychological architecture
Cognitive Pragmatics: the culture based software of the mind
Speed of processing declines in older adults. Older adults attention decline more on complex than simple tasks.
MEMORY: late adulthood explicit memory declines more than implicit memory. Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory, working memory decline in late adulthood.
Cognitive control and working memory decline in late adulthood.
Describe 2 different cognitive disorders that most often occurs in middle to late adulthood
Dementia - a deterioration of mental functioning. Unable to recognize familiar surroundings and people including family members.
23% of women and 17% of men 85 years and older are at risk.
Describe 2 different cognitive disorders
Alzheimer’s disease - progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and physical function
10% of people 65 and older develop Alzheimer’s.
Describe 2 different cognitive disorders
Parkinson’s disease- chronic, progressive disease characterized by muscle tremors, slowing of movement and partial facial paralysis.
Define what is meant by “mid life crisis”
Is a transition of identity and self-confidence that occurs in middle aged individuals between the age of 45 to 65. Highlights persons age, inevitable mortality, and lack of accomplishments in life. More common in men and men who are more nurturing.
Describe the changes that occur in each of the senses in late adulthood
Most older adults lose sense of taste, smell, or both. Loses began at 60 years of age. 80 years and older experience reduction in smell. Poorer sense of smell is associated with increased feelings of loneliness and depression.
Describe how nutrition and the aging process are connected
Inadequate nutrition intake can lead to deficiency related diseases. Anemia which is deficiency in healthy red blood cells, frailty, and blindness. Chronic diseases associated with aging include osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Excessive risk of carbohydrates can increase risk for diabetes.
Discuss methods to help improve memory of middle and late adulthood
Fast and easier memory based strategies, by managing appointments on a calendar routinely and a mindfulness program.
Define successful aging
Maintenance from Activities from earlier years leads to successful aging.
ADHD
Disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, and low tolerance for frustration and a great deal of inappropriate activity
Marital relations
Satisfying sex life was most important until warm interpersonal relationships then stable marriage was considered the end of adult development until 1930’s. Now personal fulfillment both inside and outside the marriage is equally important. High expectations make marriages more difficult. Marital satisfaction is at its worst when children are young.
Binge drinking is defined as consuming ____ or more alcoholic drinks in a row in one time period.
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