Exam 4: ONLY Rickettesia, Chlamydia, Myoplasma Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Exam 4: ONLY Rickettesia, Chlamydia, Myoplasma Deck (33)
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1
Q

______ causes rocky mountain spotted fever and transmitted by ticks (dermacentor)

note: NO human to human transmission, only by ticks to human.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

2
Q

________ spotted rash is on the trunks, appendages, palms and soles along with fever, headache, chills, muscle aches. It may involve the respiratory, gastrointestinal and nervous system.

-If left untreated, CNS infection may induce convulsions, coma and death.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

Note: Don’t cause or associated with rickets(rickets is different)

rickets is nutritional deficiency diseases

3
Q

______ is non motile, gram negative aerobic, obligate intracellular parasite. it has a peptidoglycan cell wall and lipopolysaccharide outer membrane; slime layer is also present.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

4
Q

_______ and _______ are the only BACTERIA that are obligate intracellular parasite. Why? is not able to utilize glucose as a nutrient for energy. for it to obtain energy, it oxidses amino acids and intermediates of krebs cycle

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii and Chlamydia

5
Q

______ if its goes outside the host, it dies quickly; it needs transmission from one host to another (only by ticks to human, NO human to human) its a Vector, indirect transmission by a tick.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

6
Q

_____ is any agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism. from one individual to another individual.

A

Vector

7
Q

________ enters by endocytosis and exits cells by exocytosis. prevents vesicle fusion with lysosomes to form phagosomes; breaks out of vesicle by enzyme secretion.

A

Rickettsia rickettsili

8
Q

_______ is a slow growing pathogen and divides only 8-12hrs. it remains dormant in tick’s salivary gland; prolonged feeding makes infective bacteria release into host system.

A

Rickettsia rickettsili

9
Q

No toxin is secreted by _______, disease is due to damaged blood vessel which causes blood to escape (petechiae) another word subcutaneous hemorrhage which end up low blood pressure and poor oxygenation.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

10
Q

a patients that is recovering from ________, may experience paralysis of the legs and gangrenous secondary infection with clostridium perfringens.

note: early diagnosis is essential and there is NOeffective vaccine as of now.

A

Rickettsia Rickettsii

11
Q

______ is once considered belonging to viruses due to small size and intracellular life style (energy arasites lacking enzymes for ATP synthesis)

A

Chlamydia

12
Q

_____ have DNA, RNA and 70S ribosomes

A

Chlamydia

13
Q

______ enters through cuts, abrasions; infects mucosal and conjunctival cells

A

Chlamydia

14
Q

In Chlamydia, different strains causes 2 main types of diseases which are ________ and ________.

A

1.Sexually transmitted diseases

  • Non gonococcal urethritis
  • Lymphogranuloma Venerum (LGV)
  • Trachomatis

2.Ocular diseases

  • Conjunctivitis trachoma
15
Q

Chlamydia that causes “sexually transmitted diseases” ________ is an infection of the urethra. is similiar to gonorrhea (note: Gonorrhea means flow of seed due to the pusk)

A

non gonococcal urethritis

16
Q

Chlamydia that causes “sexually transmitted diseases” Non gonococcal urethritis is _______, common in women and complication is Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) due to immune response; increase risk of steriling and ectopic pregnancy.

A

Asymptomatic

17
Q

Chlamydia that causes “sexually transmitted diseases” Non gonococcal urethritis in men is ________, first symptom is usually a leakage of milky fluid (discharge) from the tip of the penis. If the infection is not treated, it may move up around the testicles, causing pain, swelling, and sterility.

A

Symptomatic

18
Q

Chlamydia that causes “sexually transmitted diseases” ________, is lesion in lymph nodes at the groin area also called “bubos” painful inflammed lymphnode.

A

Lymphogranuloma (LGV)

19
Q

Chlamydia that causes “Ocular Diseases” is ____1____, causes non traumatic blindness in children’s.

In adults can causes infection of the eye and lead to blindness as well is called, ___2____ is due to transmission from infected genitals to eyes, via fomites, fingers, flies

A
  1. conjunctivitis Trachoma
  2. trachomatis
20
Q

___1____ can be transmitted sexually or non sexually, how?

In sexually, _____1___ is non motile, which hitch hikes on sperm cells, binds to receptors on host cell surface. (note: same as Gonorrhea)

In non sexually, ____1____ is transmitted by in non chlorinated pool, during birth process inferior or poor medical care.

A
  1. chlamydia
21
Q

Antibiotices that is effectiveness against chlamydia is ______1___ and ___2_____. (Note: PENCILLIN IS NOT EFFECTIVE)

A
  1. Doxycycline
  2. Erythromycin
22
Q

____1____ has NO peptidoglycan between membranes, it has 2 membranes which is similar to gram negative cells surrounds each _____1___ cells but “NO CELL WALL” (note: penicellin cannot penetrate)

A

1.Chlamydia

note: I didnt understand this, but just remember there is no peptidoglycan

23
Q

_______ is virulence, is due to escape from host immune response, it’s unique cell wall prevents phagosome fusing with lysosomes inside phagocytes

A

Chlamydia

24
Q

Chlamydia binds to conjuctival cells and multiplies within by killing them, which triggers pus formation then scares conjunctiva, which inturns patients eyelids turn inwards that causes eyelashes irritates, scratches and scars cornea, then triggers blood vessels invasion into clear areas; looses transparency which leads to blindness is a ocular disease called _________.

A

Conjunctiva trachomatis (these are the steps to this disease)

25
Q

______ is

  • small, cocci shaped
  • infective form; dormant and similar to spores in resistance.
  • extracellular form
A

elementary bodies (EB)

26
Q

________ is

  • large, pleomorphie
  • reproductive forms
  • intracellular form because energy parasites entirely lacking ATP synthesis
A

reticulate bodies (RB or initial bodies)

27
Q

How does elementary bodies(EB) and reticulate bodies(RB) process works?

A
28
Q

________ is the smallest form of life, originally thought as belonging to viruses; contains DNA, RNA, ribosomes and divide by binary fission. it’s pleomorphic and looks like fried egg appearance.

A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae

29
Q

______ causes pneumonia, walking pneumonia, primary atypical pneumonia(dont need hospitialisation and means can infect immune compartment)

  • mild symptoms: fever, malaise headache
A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae

30
Q

_______ causes persistant unproductive cough due to repeat attempt to clear mucus and pathogens from lungs

A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae

31
Q

______ is common amongst high school and college students, can be spread by close contact a via aerosole meaning through coughing, singing or talking at students.

A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae

32
Q

_________ penicillin is not effective; other antibiotics works. no available vaccine because cells contain cholesterol in membrane.

A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae

33
Q

_______ is virulence, which is one of the few that cause hman disease mainly due to 2 factors.

  1. Capsule: provide protection from phagocytosis
  2. adhesive protein: attaches to ciliated epithelial cells receptors; interferes with mucus clearance and ciliary functions due to mucus builds and irritates respiratory tract
A

Mycoplasm pneumoniae