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US History > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

German U- boats (submarines)

A

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Germans are sinking ships with goods. British are stealing US goods

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2
Q

May 1915 (The Lusitania)

A

Sailing from New York to Ireland

sunk in May 1915

1,200 die including 125 Americans

AM were trying to sneak weapons to British,

Germans warned AM before attack

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3
Q

William Jennings Bryan

A

The Secretary of State

Resigned because Wilson was favoring the British over Germany

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4
Q

April 1916

The Sussex Pledge

A

The French ship Sussex was sunk by the Germans, injuring 4 AM

Germany agreed to sign pledge “The Sussex pledge” if AM stops British from stopping Germany trade they’d stop sinking ships

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5
Q

Election of 1916

A

Democrat - Wilson

Republican- Charles Evans Hughes

Wilson wins narrowly

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6
Q

January 1917 speech

A

Wilson delivers 14 point speech

Wilson dreams of peace without a victory

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7
Q

Zimmerman telegram

A

Arthur Zimmerman

German ambassador to Mexico tells Mexico to declare war on AM get japan involved if possible

British decode message and tells AM about Germany’s plan

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8
Q

April of 1917

A

US declares war on Germany

We enter war as “associate power” with the allies but not an ally

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9
Q

Mobilization

A

New agencies create war industries board

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10
Q

Food administration

A

Gov. Took over food industry to feed troops, advised AM to grow their own food

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11
Q

Railway administration

A

Gov. Took over railroad industry and used it for transportation of troops and guns

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12
Q

Committee on Public information “propaganda”

A

Spread imagery of good/bad news UNCLE SAM

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13
Q

“Liberty Bonds”

A

Give gov money today you’ll receive a paper and overtime their value will increase

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14
Q

American expeditionary force (AEF)

A

Led by John “Black Jack”

First troops arrived in June 1917 but weren’t prepared to fight

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15
Q

Bolshevik (Communist)

A

Late Russia the communist revolution took place, Russia withdrew from WWI in spring 1918

We sent 15,000 troops to Russia in 1918

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16
Q

July 1918 Battle of Chateau

A

Western front

Thierry and Rheims

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17
Q

Nov. 11, 1918

Armistice Day

A

Day all troops on both sides lay down weapons

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18
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

January-June 1919

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19
Q

Big Four

A

US - Woodrow Wilson

Great Britain- David Lloyd George

France- Georges Clemenceau

Italy- Vittorio Orlando

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20
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Between the Allies and Germany

Germany loses land

Must pay $130 billion in gold

Must give free coal to France and Belgium

Greatly reduce their navy and army

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21
Q

War Guilt Clause

A

Blamed Germany solely for the war

The allies built into every treaty the League of Nations

The treaty contained the charter (or rules) for the League

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22
Q

Article Ten

A

The republicans (many) opposed the treaty because of this Article

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23
Q

Two groups opposed Article

A

Irreconcilables

Reservationists

24
Q

Irreconcilables

A

Opposed the treaty no matter what

25
Q

Reservationists

A

Had reservations about the treaty but were willing to compromise

their leader was Henry Cabot Lodge

26
Q

February 1920

Wilson has a stroke/vote begins

A

The senate votes on treaty

The senate vote twice, once without article ten, once with it in tact

27
Q

Senate vote on Treaty

A

US did not ratify the treaty technically.

US and Germany remained at war until 1921

When Congress passed peace resolutions

US would not be in League of Nations

28
Q

Election of 1920

A

Democrat- James Cox

Republican- Warren G. Harding

Socialist- Eugene V. Debs

Harden wins election

Harden releases Debs from jail

29
Q

Roaring 20s

A

Economy takes off AM start to buy more technology

Cars, ice box, irons

30
Q

Andrew Mellon

A

Secretary of Treasury

“Lower tax rate, Gov. will get more back”

31
Q

Scandals

A

Pres Harding becomes associated with scandals “but never convicted “

32
Q

1923 Hardings death

A

Harding dies in San Francisco from heart attack

Calvin Coolidge becomes president (sworn in by father, quite personality)

33
Q

Election of 1924

A

Republican- Coolidge

Democrat- John W. Davis

Progressive- Robert La Follette

Coolidge wins

34
Q

Isolationism

1921

Washington naval conference

A

9 countries came to discuss disarmament

Froze naval levels at current numbers

AM feared Japan because they had 3rd biggest navy

35
Q

1928

Kellogg Briand

A

Kellogg Briand Pact signed by 64 nations outlawed war

36
Q

Bubble

A

The housing bubble burst, people turned to the stock market

37
Q

Buying “On Margin”

October 1929

A

The stock market crash

Is not the beginning of the GP but is showing signs

38
Q

Protective tariffs

1930

A

Much higher than “regular” tariffs

Way to protect American working class and get foreign countries to keep buying American goods

“Ultimately” set off trade war with other countries

39
Q

1929

Federal Farm Board

A

Was created to give low-interest loans to farmers

40
Q

Election of 1928

A

Republican- Herbert Hoover

Democrat- Al Smith

41
Q

Hoovervilles

A

When people lose their houses they would shack up together, and live in communities

42
Q

Election of 1932

A

Republican- Hoover

Democratic- FDR

FDR wins never takes picture in wheelchair or braces

43
Q

Fractional Reserve

A

Loaning out more than they have reserved

44
Q

Banking holiday

A

FDR declares a “bank holiday”

every bank closed its doors

Banks don’t have to pay their debts

Start with a “clean slate”

45
Q

Glass-Stegall Act 1933

A

Restrictions put on stock markets

Congress passed

Made it illegal to own gold

No more gold certificates or gold coins

Gov. confiscates gold from people

46
Q

Federal Department Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

A

Money is insured up to a certain amount $250,000

Used tax payer money to insure banks

47
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

Keynesianism

Gov. needs to spend money to get out of depression

48
Q

New Deal philosophy

A

Inflate money supply

49
Q

Alphabet soup

A

Money pieces of registration passed by Congress

50
Q

Two “New Deals”

A

2 major legislative flurries in a short time

1933 (5 major pieces of legislation passed)

1935 (4)

51
Q

NIRA National industrial recovery act

A

Blue eagle logo

Ruled unconstitutional in 1935 (not cartel) just organized labor

Formed cartels

52
Q

NIRA Formed Cartels

A

Formed agreements among competition to keep prices at a certain level

Hurts small businesses and consumers

Supposed to be “fair competition codes”

53
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Acts (AAA)

1933

A

Trying to raise farm food prices subsidies

Ruled unconstitutional

54
Q

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

A

Public works projects

55
Q

Social Security Administration (SSA)

1935

A

The First Lady to get check

paid in $24.75 she got out $23,000

56
Q

Election of 1936

A

Democratic- FDR

Republican- Alf Landon

FDR wins re-election

57
Q

Broken window fallacy

A

Fredric Bastiat

We did not fix economy, by replacing things

US History (2 decks)

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