Exam III - Lymphatic System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Exam III - Lymphatic System Deck (36)
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1
Q

What are the primary lymphatic organs?

A
  1. bone marrow
  2. cloacal bursa/bursa of fabricus (birds only)
  3. thymus
2
Q

What are the secondary lymphatic organs?

A
  1. lymph nodes
  2. spleen
  3. mucosal associated lymphoid tissue
3
Q

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

A

to protect the body against pathogenic organisms and their products and to help in the removal and disposal of cells undergoing natural and induced degenerations

4
Q

Where do B cells mature?

A

bone marrow

5
Q

Identify the arrows marked ‘A’ in this H&E section of the canine thymus

A

septae

6
Q

Identify the arrows marked ‘B’ in this H&E section of the canine thymus

A

cortex

7
Q

Identify the arrows marked ‘C’ in this H&E section of the canine thymus

A

medulla

8
Q

In the thymic cortex, __________ phagocytose and eliminate dead T cells. They are frequent near the medulla.

A

Tingible body macrophages (also called starry sky macrophages)

9
Q

large, central calcified or degenerated cells surrounded by concentric circles of keratinized cells in the thymic medulla:

A

thymic corpuscles, or Hassal’s corpuscles

10
Q

The left half of this H&E section of canine thymus would be referred to as the ________. The right half would be the __________.

Identify the labeled structures.

A

The left half of this H&E section of canine thymus would be referred to as the cortex (with tightly packed small lymphocytes). The right half would be the medulla (less compact).

A - macrophage (can tell due to the space surrounding it)

B - Hassal’s corpuscles

11
Q

What is the function of lymph nodes?

A

to filter antigens from lymph before returning it to the bloodstream

12
Q

What are the arrows pointing to in this H&E section of a canine thymus?

A

Hassal’s corpuscles (or thymic corpuscles)

Remember, these corpuscles are characteristic of the thymus!

13
Q

____________ are where lymphocytes can leave the blood stream and enter into the lymph nodes

A

High endothelial venules

14
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘A’ in this H&E section of a lymph node.

A

Cortex

15
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘B’ in this H&E section of a lymph node.

A

medulla

16
Q

Identify the structure labeled ‘C’ in this H&E section of a lymph node.

Which type of cell will be found here primarily?

A

Follicle; B-cells

17
Q

In this H&E section of a tonsil, is this a primary or a secondary lymphoid follicle? How can you tell?

Also, label A and B, biatch!

A

This is a secondary follicle. You can tell because of the very defined marginal zone surrounding the germinal center.

A - marginal zone

B - germinal center

When stimulated by antigen, they will change histologic morphology from primary lymphoid follicles to secondary lymphoid follicles

18
Q

Identify A and B in this H&E section of a subscapular sinus

A

A - macrophages

B - reticular cells

19
Q

What type of cell do you find in the paracortex primarily?

A

T-cells

20
Q

Identify the arrows in this H&E section of a lymph node.

A

high-endothelial venules (diapedesis)

21
Q

Identify the regions labeled ‘A’ and ‘B’ in this H&E section of the medulla.

A

A - cords (dense area where cells appear to be migrating)

B - sinus

22
Q

Identify the type of cell indicated by the arrow in this H&E section of a medulla sinus.

A

plasma cell (you can tell based on the very prominent cytoplasm)

23
Q

_________ occurs when the thoracic duct is ruptured.

A

chylothorax

24
Q

Most lymphocytes migrating to lymph nodes enter from the _____________.

A

Most lymphocytes migrating to lymph nodes enter from the peripheral blood.

25
Q

Identify the areas labeled A and B in this H&E section of a spleen

A

A - white pulp (primarily lymphoid tissue)

B - red pulp (sinusoids)

26
Q

In which of these regions will immune response occur?

(H&E section of a canine spleen)

A

White pulp - lymphocytes

27
Q

what is immediately surrounding the central arteriole in this H&E section of a lymphoid follicle?

A

periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (T-cells)

(peri = next to) + (arteriolar) = next to the arteriole

28
Q

____________ is the greatest collection of lymphocytes in the body

A

Gut-Associated Lymphatic Tissue (GALT) is the greatest collection of lymphocytes in the body

Includes:

  • Solitary and aggregated lymphatic nodules
  • Intraepithelial lymphocytes
  • Subepithelial lymphocytes
  • Plasma cells
  • Macrophages
29
Q

Identify the structure labeled ‘2’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

diffuse lymphatic tissue

30
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘7’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

mucosa

31
Q

Identify the structure labeled ‘4’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

lymphatic nodule

32
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘3’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

germinal center

33
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘10’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

submucosa

34
Q

Identify the area labeled ‘8’ in this H&E section of a feline pyloric stomach.

A

muscularis externa

35
Q

Identify A and B in this H&E section of the small intestine

A

A - lacteals

B - lymphoid follicles (Peyer’s patches)

36
Q

Identify the structures labeled 1, 2, and 3.

A

1 - small lymphatic vessel with a valve: clear content, no erythrocytes, occasional lymphocytes

2 - Arteriole; 1-3 layers of circular smooth muscle walls

3 - venule; no smooth muscle in the wall