exam (tropical crops)

Question 1

parthenocarpy definition

Answer 1

when a fruit has no seeds, developed without fertilization ie bananas

Question 2

corm definition

Answer 2

underground storage organ in a plant like a tuber or yam

Question 3

rhizome definition

Answer 3

underground horizontal root the has many shoots

Question 4

banana and plantain origin

Answer 4

E asia and aus

Question 5

banana/ plantain herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 5

herbaceous

Question 6

banana/plantain monocot or eudicot

Answer 6

mono

Question 7

age of banana/plantain tree at flowering?

Answer 7

2-6 months

Question 8

time for a bunch to develop?

Answer 8

up to 2 months, plantaition can last 5 - 25 years

Question 9

how are bananas bred?

Answer 9

vegetative propagation

Question 10

diseases that impact banana/plantains

Answer 10

Sigatoka diseases (yellow, black)
Panama disease

Question 11

banana scientific name

Answer 11

musa

Question 12

tea origin

Answer 12

before 2737 BC, china

Question 13

cacao origin

Answer 13

1000 BC, S america

Question 14

coffee origin

Answer 14

850 AD Ethiopia

Question 15

cacao scientific name

Answer 15

theobroma cacao

Question 16

cacao herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 16

small tree

Question 17

cacao monocot or eudicot

Answer 17

eudicot

Question 18

cacao plant weather requirements

Answer 18

warm temps, reg rainfall, high humidity. 70% of production is within 8 degrees of the equator

Question 19

cacao reproduction

Answer 19

propagated by seed or cuttings

Question 20

cacao time to produce fruit

Answer 20

3 months to 5-6 months

Question 21

cacao light requirements?

Answer 21

shade trees get tallest, full sun shorter. optimal photosynthesis at 25% light
usually understory crops, grown beneath shade trees like coconuts or legume trees that provide N for the choc

Question 22

diseases threatening cacao

Answer 22

black pod, pod weevil

Question 23

effect of climate change on choc

Answer 23

bad. varying price, farmers can’t be confident about price, will be less willing to invest into plantation

Question 24

coffee types

Answer 24

arabica (common) robusta (less common)

Question 25

coffee scientific name

Answer 25

coffee arabica, coffee canephora

Question 26

coffee herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 26

small tree

Question 27

coffee propagation

Answer 27

self fertile, no pollination needed.

Question 28

coffee monocot or eudicot

Answer 28

eudicot

Question 29

coffee threat (disease)

Answer 29

coffee leaf rust

Question 30

tea scientific name

Answer 30

camellia sinensis var. sinensis or var. assamica

Question 31

tea herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 31

bush like trees

Question 32

tea repro

Answer 32

mostly rooted cuttings but can be propagated from seed

Question 33

tea monocot or eudicot

Answer 33

eudicot

Question 34

repro for cassava, sweet potatoes, yams, aroids

Answer 34

vegetative propagation

Question 35

cassava scientific name

Answer 35

manihot esculenta

Question 36

cassava monocot or eudicot

Answer 36

eudicot

Question 37

sweet potato scientific name

Answer 37

ipomea batatas

Question 38

sweet potato monocot or eudicot

Answer 38

eudicot

Question 39

yam scientific name

Answer 39

dioscorea spp. ie D. rotunda

Question 40

yam monocot or eudicot

Answer 40

monocot

Question 41

aroids scientific name

Answer 41

taro-colocusia esculenta

Question 42

aroids monocot or eudicot

Answer 42

monocot

Question 43

all root and tuber crops herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 43

shrubs grown as an annual

Question 44

cassava origin

Answer 44

s america at least 2700 BC

Question 45

yam vs sweet poatoto

Answer 45

yam is much larger with bark like skin

Question 46

rubber scientific name

Answer 46

hevea brasiliensis

Question 47

rubber origin

Answer 47

s america, documented in Mexico 600 BCE

Question 48

rubber threats

Answer 48

leaf blight

Question 49

rubber propagation

Answer 49

vegetative propagation, cuttings grafted onto wood stocks

Question 50

rubber herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 50

tree

Question 51

cotton scientific name

Answer 51

Gossypium hirsutum

Question 52

cotton monocot or eudicot

Answer 52

eudicot

Question 53

cotton origins

Answer 53

first evidence in India and Pakistan from 6000 BC

Question 54

cotton propogation

Answer 54

grown from seed

Question 55

cotton herbaceous, shrub or tree?

Answer 55

shrub

Question 56

cotton threats

Answer 56

boll weevil

Question 57

rice scientific name

Answer 57

Oryza sativus

Question 58

rice origin

Answer 58

china, been grown up to 13 000 years