Exams 1&2 Flashcards
(101 cards)
Which of the following is most likely to happen with respect to drugs given as weak bases?
Better absorbed in intestine
Which of the following for of the drug would be most beneficial for crossing numerous biological membranes before reaching their target receptors?
Unionized form
A weak acid drug with pKa= 3 would be least ionized and have better absorption rate in the …
Stomach (pH=2)
Which one combination of the following factors helps in increased efficiency of drug distribution?
High lipid solubility, low plasma protein binding
High plasma protein binding of the drugs will generally result in which on condition of the following?
slow drug displacement interactions
A dog which was under treatment for epilepsy is overdosed with phenobarbital (weakly acidic drug). the dog was brought to the clinic and was starting to show symptoms of toxicity. Which of the following intervention could be most beneficial in terms of urinary excretion of the drug?
Alkalization of urine
Which of the following process in kidneys will usually result in increase in systemic availability of the drug or metabolite?
Tubular reabsorption
If you have started new drug A in a patient already on phenobarbital, which is a potent inducer of drug metabolizing enzymes (CYP450) which can metabolize drug A. period what can you expect with drug A.
Increased metabolism of drug A
Cats are more sensitive to toxicity to acetaminophen (Tylenol) and aspirin due to the deficiency of on the following metabolic pathways
Glucuronidation
With respect to urinary excretion of the drugs in carnivores, witch excrete more acidic (pH 5.5-7.0)…
Acidic drugs in herbivores have greater renal excretion
The phase 2 metabolism of drugs results in conjugation of drugs. Due to high molecular weight of drug… Which of the following conjugate is exclusively excreted in bile?
Glutathione conjugates
You decided to treat an animals with a potnetially life saving drug…
Less than normal therapeutic response tp drug therapy
In a medical emergency, a rapid onset of drug effect is desired …
IV injection
After administration of drug, it passes through different kinetic processes. The correct sequence…
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
When 2 pharmaceutical products are bioequivalent, which of the following pharmokinetic parameters…
All of the above (C max the peak concentration, tmas the time to achieve peak concentration, AUC is area under drug concentration time curve)
The drugs agents like alcohol, phenytoin, salicylates follow zero order elimination …
The half-life is not constant and increases with increase in dose
Fro drugs following first order kinetics, complete elimination (>95%) occurs in how many half-lives
5
For the drugs those are known to be cleared by first order kinetics. Which of the following parameter allows you to determine how long it will take to reach steady-state drug level?
Elimination half-life
If a highly lipid-soluble drug has a higher volume of distribution in patients with high body fat content… half-life expected to be:
Increased (longer)
Some drugs bind to receptors and show opposite response that of agonist. Which term is used for this type of agonist when used alone
Inverse agonist
ED50 or EC50 is the dose of the drug that produces an effect produces an effect equal…
Potency
Which of the following type of receptor activation will result in quickest possible drug response?
Ligand gated
In clinical conditions, the rebound hypertension observed in dogs following withdrawal of beta-adrenoreceptor blockers…
Up regulation of receptors
Which of the following is the best example for chemical antagonism
Using antacids to neutralize excessive gastric acid
