Exercise - Drug Interactions

Question 1

exercise and drugs: what changes with blood flow?

Answer 1

redistribution, more to muscles

Question 2

exercise and drugs: what changes with hydration?

Answer 2

decreased or variable

Question 3

exercise and drugs: what changes with breathing?

Answer 3

increased resp rate and tial volume

Question 4

exercise and drugs: what changes with stomach?

Answer 4

decrease gastric emptying

Question 5

exercise and drugs: what changes with intestines?

Answer 5

decreased intestinal transit time via increasing intestinal motility

Question 6

exercise and drugs: what changes with plasma?

Answer 6

loss into tissues

Question 7

exercise and drugs: what changes with skin?

Answer 7

vasodilation: increased flow

Question 8

exercise and drugs: what changes with liver?

Answer 8

decreased hepatic flow

Question 9

exercise and drugs: what changes with kidneys?

Answer 9

decreased renal blood flow

Question 10

exercise and glucose control?

Answer 10

may be dysregulated due to synergy with insulin

Question 11

how do you get exercise-induced hypoglycaemia? 3 reasons:

Answer 11

1. accelerated insulin absorption from injection site
2. enhancement of insulin via exerise
3. lack of decline in insulin secretion

Question 12

how do you get exercise-induced hyperglycaemia? 2 reasons:

Answer 12

1. too much carb supplementation

2. too large reduction in insulin dose

Question 13

how would exercise change transdermal GTN?

Answer 13

increase blood flow and temp to skin, increased bioavailability of GTN

Question 14

how would exercise change transdermal GTN negatively?

Answer 14

excessive hypotension and divert coronary blood flow esp in hot enclosed environment

Question 15

salbutamol is B2 or B1?

Answer 15

B2

Question 16

salbutamol and exercise? good? bad?

Answer 16

with increased resp rate, increased plasma levels,

good: minimize asthma from exercise
bad: may need more frequent dosing

Question 17

warfarin and exercise decreases? how?

Answer 17

INR via:
increased binding of warfarin to albumin
increased risk of thrombosis

Question 18

digoxin and exercise wrt plasma and muscle level?

Answer 18

less in plasma

more in muscle

Question 19

digoxin and exercise wrt plasma and muscle level implications?

Answer 19

more bound to muscle and less in plasma means reduced efficacy to affect heart contractility and control rate

Question 20

B-blockers and exercise: how is propranolol and atenolol cleared?

Answer 20

propranolol: via hepatic (decreased in exercise)
atenolol: via renal (decrease in exercise)

Question 21

B-blockers and exercise implications of increased plasma levels?

Answer 21

bronchoconstriction and fatigue

Question 22

Anti-doping rules wrt use?

Answer 22

use or attempted use of prohibited substance or method

Question 23

2 out of the following 3 conditions met for subtance/metho to be prohibited?

Answer 23

1. enhance sport performance
2. risk to health
3. if agency says it violates spirit of sport

Question 24

what is therapeutic use exemptions?

Answer 24

1. if have medical condition
2. prior approval
3. makes sport fairer
4. declared in emergncy

Question 25

2 main uses of drugs in sport?

Answer 25

1. hide use of other drugs | 2. improve performance

Question 26

thiazide and amiloride use in sport advantage?

Answer 26

weight loss | dilute urine

Question 27

disadvantages of diuretics in sport?

Answer 27

dehydration | hypokalaemia

Question 28

B1 found in what tissues?

Answer 28

cardiac pacemaker cardiac muscle adipose

Question 29

B2 found in what tissues?

Answer 29

airway smooth muscle blood vessel: skeletal and skin skeletal growth liver

Question 30

Why use B1 antagonists in sport?

Answer 30

relaxants reduce heart rate steady hands in precision sports

Question 31

B1 antagonists are banned in what sports?

Answer 31

archery/shooting skiing billiards, bridge

Question 32

B2 agonist use in sport?

Answer 32

systemic admin: 1. anabolic for muscles 2. catabolic for body fat

Question 33

adverse effects of B2 agonists?

Answer 33

tachycardia via B1 adrenoceptors | muscle tremor via B2 receptors

Question 34

B2 agonist status in sport?

Answer 34

only via inhalation | No TUE for salbutamol

Question 35

how can glucocorticoids offer sport advantage? disadvantage?

Answer 35

anti-inflammatory can mask pain | can cause damage before full recovery

Question 36

what is stanozolol?

Answer 36

synthetic anabolic steroid

Question 37

what glucocorticoids status in sport? without TUE?

Answer 37

banned systemic admin | No TUE: topical and inhalation

Question 38

glucocorticoids intraarticular injection TUE?

Answer 38

needs abbreviated TUE

Question 39

Growth Hormone in sport advantage?

Answer 39

reduce fat more muscle more bone density banned

Question 40

what is lipotropin?

Answer 40

modified Growth Hormone to only have catabolic effect of increased lipolysis

Question 41

what does WADA status S.0 mean?

Answer 41

any substance not on the list or no human approval for use is banned