Exotics techniques Flashcards
When is intubation required?
Any procedure longer than a few minutes
Why is intubating in birds relatively easy?
Visible and accessible glottis
Why should bird ET tubes be uncuffed?
They have complete tracheal rings
No tracheal expansion - pressure necrosis
Why may crop tubes be used?
Direct delivery of medication to crop/stomach
Give fluids
Give food to debilitated birds
When should you use rubber or metal tubes for crop tubing?
Usually rubber to prevent oesophageal damage
Metal for psittacines as bite and swallow tube (or oral gag and rubber tube)
How do you know how far to insert a tube into the crop?
Measure
Check with visual inspection or palpation
Why should crop tubes be ran across the tongue and roof of the mouth? What should be done to prepare the food/liquid/medication?
Causes spontaneous closure of the glottis
Warm
Why do crop tubes need pinching before removal?
To prevent fluid or food entering the trachea
Where can IP injections be given for mice and rats?
Mice - lower left or rate quadrant of abdominal
Rats - right lower safest (avoids organs)
How should rodents be held for IP injections? Why?
Angle head down and towards the floor
Drops organs to prevent injecting into them
Where are sites for IM injections in the rabbit? Why?
Quadriceps - cranial muscle avoids sciatic nerve (only small volumes)
Dorsal lumbar/expaxial muscles - easily accessible, can be done alone
Where should sub-cut injections be given for mice and rabbits?
Scruff of neck
Skin over flanks/shoulder
What should be used to determine if a tortoise is suitable for hibernation? What are the axis of this? Which species does this work for?
Jacksons ratio graph
Carapace length (straight not curved) vs weight
Only Hermann and Mediterranean spur thighed
How can Horsefield tortoises be identified?
Flat, round carapace
4 claws per foot
Horny tip on tail
How can the Hermann tortoise be identified?
No spurs/tubercles on thighs
Horny tip n tail
Long narrow, nuchal scute above head
