Exploration - Test Review

Question 1

What were the major motivations for European exploration?

Answer 1

God, Gold, and Glory
Europeans wanted direct trade to Asia

Question 2

What were the main reasons Europeans tried to find new routes to Asia?

Answer 2

Constantinople was taken and the Ottomans charged high taxes to trade through

Question 3

What impacts did the Ming Dynasty have on early exploration?

Answer 3

they were part of the beginning of exploration and helped establish maritime trade

Question 4

What impact did the Ottoman Empire have on exploration?

Answer 4

They forced Europeans into finding new trade routes to Asia and China

Question 5

What were the lasting impacts of Spanish exploration on the conquest of Central and South America?

Answer 5

Slavery, Pizza, World trade, decline in Native American population

Question 6

Why did European monarchs encourage and fund exploration? What did they want?

Answer 6

they wanted wealth from the new world and control

Question 7

What was the first global trade agreement between the Spanish and the Portuguese?

Answer 7

The Treaty of Tortesillas

Question 8

How did Christianity impact the need for exploration?

Answer 8

They wanted to share their religion and spread it around the world

Question 9

Describe the role of the conquistador:

Answer 9

Someone that would conquer the new world

Question 10

Christopher Columbus -

Answer 10

Discovering the new world for Europeans

Question 11

Vasco de Gama -

Answer 11

Sailed around the southern tip of Africa to India

Question 12

Bartholomew Dias -

Answer 12

reached the Southern tip of Africa

Question 13

Ferdinand Magellan -

Answer 13

He circumnavigated the globe

Question 14

John Cabot -

Answer 14

Didn’t find the NW passage, found fish

Question 15

Jacques Cartier -

Answer 15

Found St. Lawrence river, helped France claim Canada

Question 16

Henry Hudson -

Answer 16

Hudson river + Bay

Question 17

Zheng He -

Answer 17

a Chinese explorer that made lots of money for China

Question 18

Prince Henry the Navigator -

Answer 18

Started a school of navigation

Question 19

Herman Cortes -

Answer 19

reached Mexico but got ran out by the Aztec, came back and took it over.

Question 20

Francisco Pizarro -

Answer 20

Took over the Inca Empire

Question 21

List the major achievements of the Maya

Answer 21

12 month calendar, hieroglyphs

Question 22

List the major achievements of the Aztecs

Answer 22

canals, bridges, chinampas (floating gardens)

Question 23

List the major achievements of the Inca

Answer 23

2500 miles of territory, quipu, mita system, terrace farming, freeze drying, roads through mountains

Question 24

Why were the Spanish Victorious against the native people of the Americas?

Answer 24

They brought diseases and had way better weapons

Question 25

What shocking custom of the Aztecs and Maya did the Spanish learn about when they came to the new world?

Answer 25

Human Sacrifice

Question 26

Describe the Mita system of the Inca Empire:

Answer 26

All citizens who could preform labor were required to do so for a set number of days out of the year. ( including the ruler)

Question 27

Describe the Spanish Encomienda System in South America:

Answer 27

They forced native Americans to work in the gold and silver mines.

Question 28

What unique ways did the Aztec and Inca grow their crops?

Answer 28

The Aztecs used chinampas. The Inca used terracing.

Question 29

What roles did the Spanish play in the silver trade?

Answer 29

The Spanish were in charge of mining and distributing the silver.

Question 30

What happened because of the Spanish over mining silver?

Answer 30

Inflation

Question 31

What is Potosí?

Answer 31

A mountain of silver in the Americas

Question 32

What was the direct of result of the slave trade of West Africa?

Answer 32

The population decreased, some nations became wealthy from selling slaves but some fell apart from selling there people.

Question 33

What was the Triangle Trade?

Answer 33

Europeans take resources back to Europe from America Europeans bring resources to America Europe brings slaves to America

Question 34

What goods/items went where in the Triangle trade?

Answer 34

Americas: Slaves Europe: Sugar, cotton, rum, and tobacco Africa: pots, pans, guns, alcohol, and horses

Question 35

Describe the Middle Passage:

Answer 35

The transportation of slaves to the Americas they has just enough room to sit up, some had to lie down.

Question 36

What caused the need for the Atlantic Slave Trade to exist?

Answer 36

The native Americas died from disease, so the Europeans had no one to do the work from them.

Question 37

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact Europe?

Answer 37

Europe: Helped them become rich because of the materials coming in.

Question 38

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact the Americas?

Answer 38

Americas: Many natives were hulled from exhaustion.

Question 39

How did the Atlantic Slave trade impact Africa?

Answer 39

Africa: 16 million people were taken. Population was able to grow because of food.

Question 40

Describe the Positive impacts of the Colombian Exchange?

Answer 40

- New land/ resources - animals - better diets

Question 41

Describe the Negative impacts of the Colombian Exchange?

Answer 41

- population decreased - disease - war

Question 42

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts the Americas?

Answer 42

- diets improved - animals - Population decreased

Question 43

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts the Europe?

Answer 43

- New land - Corn and Potatoes

Question 44

How did the Colombian Exchange impacts Africa?

Answer 44

- Populations

Question 45

What were some of the goods exchanged between the " old world and " new world?"

Answer 45

- Sugar - Cotton - Tobacco - Rum - Coffee

Question 46

What was the commercial revolution?

Answer 46

A time in which new business practices developed and changed in European society, the result of trade increased.

Question 47

What is mercantilism?

Answer 47

An economic practice adopted by European colonial powers to become self-sufficient. Export more - import less

Question 48

How is mercantilism related to colonization?

Answer 48

It encouraged the colonist to purchase good from England rather than rival nations

Question 49

What Is the role of colonies?

Answer 49

They provided resources and raw materials that weren't available in Europe

Question 50

What was Sir Francis Drake's role in changing the British Economy?

Answer 50

He would pirate Spanish ships to take their ships

Question 51

What is a joint-stock company?

Answer 51

Privately owned companies that sold stock to investors

Question 52

What advantages do joint-stock companies create for business people?

Answer 52

They can decrease the risk, investors can gain money.

Question 53

What is capitalism?

Answer 53

An economic system based on private ownership and investment of wealth for profit.

Question 54

How is capitalism related to exploration?

Answer 54

People would invest in ships

Question 55

Describe the role of East India Companies in regards to global trade:

Answer 55

They were monopolies that controlled trade.