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Anatomy, Lower Limb > Extra muscle info > Flashcards

Extra muscle info Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

anterior muscles of thigh

A 
Iliacus
Psoas major 
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
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2
Q

All anterior muscles of the anterior thigh innervated by

A

femoral nerve

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3
Q

iliopsoas innervation

A

associated with branches of lumbar spinal nerve

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4
Q

All quadriceps ( name them) insert into

A

Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius
Insert into tibial tuberosity

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5
Q

medial muscles of thigh

A 
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Pectineus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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6
Q

all muscles of medial thigh innervated by ( some have more than one innervation)

A

obturator nerve

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7
Q

muscles that have dual innervation

A

Pectineus
Adductor magnus
biceps femoris

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8
Q

2 joint muscles for anterior and medial thigh

A 
Sartorius
Flex hip, external rotate hip flex knee 
Rectus femoris
Flex hip, extend knee
Gracilis
Adducts hip, flex knee
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9
Q

which medial muscle of thigh is most posterior adductor

A

adductor magnus

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10
Q

Obturator externus I v obturator internus I

A

Obturator externus- obturator N ( it is the ONLY lateral rotator innervated by obturator N.– LUMBAR PLEXUS)
Obturator internus- NOT obturator n. ( nerve to obturator interns– VENTRAL RAMI OF SACRAL PLEXUS )

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11
Q

Pectineus innervations ( dual)

A

pectineous
Anteriorly – femoral
Posteriorly- obturator

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12
Q

Adductor magnus innervation ( dual )

A

adductor magnus
Anteriorly- obturator (oblique fibers)
Posteriorly – Tibial ( fibers parallel to hamstring)

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13
Q

biceps femoris innervation ( dual)

A

Biceps femoris
• Long head- tibial
• Short head- common peronneal

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14
Q

The rectus femoris does NOT originate where ( not like the other quads)

A

Linea aspera

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15
Q

kicking muscles of leg

A

rectus femoris and iliopsoas

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16
Q

what muscle does the lumbar plexus go through

A

psoas major

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17
Q

what is odd about obturator externus

A

innervated by obturator nerve, but it is a LATERAL rotator of hip

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18
Q

when are the abductors of the leg most active

A

when contralateral side is in swing phase of gait

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19
Q

The lateral rotators of the hip ( w exception of one ) are innervated by ( sacral or lumbar plexus)?

A

Sacral plexus

Not lumbar plexus like obturator nerve

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20
Q

Name lateral rotators of hip

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris 
Obturator externus * ( odd one – innervated by obturator nerve- LUMBAR PLEXUS, NOT SACRAL PLEXUS LIKE THE OTHERS)
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21
Q

nerve to obturator internus innervates

A

obturator internus and superior gamellus

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22
Q

nerve to quadratus femoris innervates

A

quadratus femoris and inferior gamellus

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23
Q

Where does the IT band insert?

A

Lateral tibial condyle NOT the fibular head

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24
Q

Extra detail about obturator internus

A

Most tendonous → SG, IG insert to the tendon

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25
Common insertion for most hamstrings
Ischial tuberosity
26
Name posterior thigh muscles aka hamstrings
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris
27
All posterior thigh muscles ( except 1) are innervated by?
Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve | Except- short head of biceps femoris→ common peroneal n
28
Common function of posterior muscles of thigh
Flexion of leg at knee joint | Extension of thigh at hip joint
29
Is adductor magnus 1J or 2J muscle
1 J | does NOT cross knee
30
weird info about adductor magnus
Has dual innervation – obturator and tibial The longitudinal fibers also called hamstring fibers Creates adductor hiatus Femoral artery becomes popliteal artery Popliteal vein becomes femoral vein
31
What is innervated by obturator nerve (6)
``` Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus Obturator externus ```
32
name anterior muscles of leg
tibialis anterior externsor hallucis longus extensor digitorum longus peroneus tertius
33
all anterior muscles of leg are innervated by
deep peroneal nerve
34
name lateral muscles of leg
peroneus longus | peroneus brevis
35
all lateral muscles of leg are innervated by
superficial peroneal nerve
36
name the superficial muscles of the posterior aspect of the leg
gastrocnemius soleus plantaris
37
name the deep muscles of the posterior aspect of leg
popliteus flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus tibialis posterior
38
all muscles on posterior aspect of leg innervated by
tibial nerve
39
peronneous tertius is innervated by?
Deep peronneal nerve NOT superficial peronneal nerve
40
Where do the “longus “ muscles insert into toes?
Into the distal phalanges of digits
41
What is the ONLY intrinsic muscle of the foot* and its innervation
Extensor digitorum brevis – deep peronal nerve
42
What is the articularis genu
Muscle that inserts into capsule of joint, considered 5th head of quadriceps Pulls synovial joint up when joint is violently extended to prevent pinching of membranes
43
Peroneus longus v peroneus brevis location in leg
Peroneus longus is superficial to brevis
44
Peroneus longus v peroneus brevis location in hind foot
o Peroneus longus is DEEP to brevis
45
What creates a pure antagonist “lasso” in plantar aspect of foot
``` Tibialis anterior (dorsiflexion and inversion) and peroneus longus (plantar flexion and eversion) ```
46
What is the only intrinsic muscle of the foot and its innervation
Extensor digitorum brevis, innervated by deep peronneal nerve
47
Muscles innervated by deep peroneal nerve ( 6)
``` 4 anterior compartment of leg- -tibialis anterior -extensor digitorum longus -extensor hallucis longus -peroneus tertius intrinsic muscle of leg -extensor digitorum brevis extensor hallucis brevis … ```
48
Muscles innervated by superficial peroneal nerve (2)
Peroneus longus | Peroneus brevis
49
Muscles innervated by tibial nerve (7)
``` gastrocnemius soleus plantaris popliteus tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus ```
50
what originates at sinus tarsi
inferior flexor retinaculum | extensor digitorum brevis
51
what makes up the triceps surae
Soleus | 2 heads of gastrocnemius
52
where does the tricep surae insert
common tendon into the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneus
53
is plantaris tendon part of triceps surae
NO
54
Organization of deep muscles of the posterior leg at the leg*
Do The Hustle Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus
55
Organization of deep muscles of leg AT the ankle? Aka contents of ______
``` Tom Dick and very nervous Harry M→L Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, neurovascular bundle flexor hallucis longus contents of tarsal tunnel ```
56
Tibialis posterior inserts into what????*
Into all the tarsal bones except the talus
57
What is one of the insertions of popliteus ( kinda special) and what ligament is above it
It is INTRA ARTICULAR ( knee joint) – lateral collateral ligament of knee Above popliteus→ Arcuate ligament
58
Function of popliteus with respect to femur
initiates FLEXION of knee, unscrews the knee joint as you initiate flexion Laterally ( externally) rotates femur in closed kinetic chain
59
Function of popliteus with respect to tibia?
Medially rotates the tibia in open kinetic chain
60
Dorsum layer of foot
Extensor digitorum brevis | Extensor hallucis brevis
61
First planter layer of foot
Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis – deep to plantar fascia Abductor digiti minimy
62
Second layer of foot
Lumbricals Tendon of flexor hallucis longus Tendon of flexor digitorum longus Quadratus plantae
63
Third layer of foot
``` flexor hallucis brevis - 2 heads which have a sesamoid bone on each side adductor hallucis – transverse oblique Flexor digiti minimy brevis ```
64
Fourth later of food
3 PAD- palmar interossei | 4 DAB- 4 dorsal interossei
65
Medial tibial nerve innervates what?* everything else is innervated by what
``` 2LAFF 2 lumbricals Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor hallucis brevis Everything else is innervated by lateral tibial nerve** ```
66
Where do the lumbricals arise from ( o and I )
FDL tendon | Originate medially, insert laterally
67
Location of lumbrical tendons with respect to intermetatarsal ligament
Deep to transverse intermetatarsal ligament
68
What is the wing sling mechanism
It allows for lumbricals to FLEX metatarsal phalanges and Extend the interphalangeal joint (helps FDL )
69
Does FDL or FDB bifurcate?
Flexor digitorum brevis bifurcates to allow FDL to go to Distal digits FDB attach to base of middle phalanx
70
Function of quadratus plantae
Accessory to FDL | Straightens out pull of obliquely oriented tendon of FDL
71
What is the master knot of henry
Where tendons of FHL and FDL cross
72
PADS and DABS of foot innervated by
Tibial nerve
73
Insertion of plantar interossei
Medially ( 5 4 3)
74
Insertion of dorsal interossei
1- medially | 2,3,4 laterally
75
what abducts 5th toe
abductor digiti minimy
76
what adducts 5th toe
5th plantar interossei
77
location of peroneus longus and brevis wrt to lateral malleolus
posteriorly to fibular malleolus
78
what muscle is pierced by obturator nerve
obturator externus

Anatomy, Lower Limb (10 decks)

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