Eyelids

Question 1

what glands open up in little openings on the edges of the eyelids?

Answer 1

meibomian glands

Question 2

what are eyelids lined by?

Answer 2

conjunctiva

Question 3

what produces lid closure?

Answer 3

contracture of orbicularis oculi muscle
cranial nerve VII

Question 4

what nerve provides sensation of the eyelids?

Answer 4

ophthalmic and maxillary branches of cranial nerve V

Question 5

when should eyes open in puppies and kittens?

Answer 5

~2 weeks

Question 6

what is ophthalmia neonatorum?

Answer 6

infection behind closed eyelids

Question 7

what does ophthalmia neonatorum look like?

Answer 7

bulging behind closed lids
bead of purulent material at canthus

Question 8

in whom is eyelid agenesis moderately common?

Answer 8

cats

Question 9

what is entropion?

Answer 9

inward rolling of upper and/or lower eyelids

Question 10

what is management of entropion?

Answer 10

surgical

Question 11

when should you refer a dog with entropion?

Answer 11

upper lid involved
floppy or wrinkly breed
you’re not sure why the dog has entropion

Question 12

what should you prepare eyes with for surgery?

Answer 12

dilute betadine solution

Question 13

how does spastic entropion occur?

Answer 13

pain/ulcers lead to blepharospasm which leads to entropion

Question 14

what is ectropion?

Answer 14

outward rolling/drooping of eyelids

Question 15

what is lagopththalmos?

Answer 15

inability to close eyes completely

Question 16

what is nasal fold trichiasis?

Answer 16

prominent nasal fold contacts ocular surface

Question 17

what is distichia?

Answer 17

lash that exits through the meibomian gland opening rather than through haired lid skin

Question 18

what is the treatment of choice for distichiasis?

Answer 18

cryoepilation

Question 19

what is ectopic cilium?

Answer 19

lash emerging from palpebral conjunctiva

Question 20

what happens in cherry eye?

Answer 20

weak connective tissue in some breeds allows a prolapse

Question 21

can behavior of a tumor be different in dogs and cats with the same type of tumor?

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

what is the most common tumor type in dogs?

Answer 22

meibomian adenoma

Question 23

who often gets feline squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 23

white/nonpigmented cats

Question 24

what should you evaluate the interior of the eye for with eyelid lacerations?

Answer 24

hyphema

Question 25

what is a chalazion?

Answer 25

blockage of duct leading to backup of meibomian secretions

Question 26

what cells contribute to tear film?

Answer 26

goblet cells

Question 27

what cranial nerves elevate the upper eyelid?

Answer 27

CN III sympathetic CN VII

Question 28

what does altricial mean?

Answer 28

born with eyelids closed

Question 29

what is often the agent of ophthalmia neonatorum?

Answer 29

staph

Question 30

what is eyelid agenesis often associated with?

Answer 30

other ocular defects cerebellar hypoplasia

Question 31

is entropion more common in dogs or cats?

Answer 31

dogs

Question 32

what are common breeds with entropion?

Answer 32

bulldog shar pei cockers/spaniels retrievers doodless rottweiler great dane saint bernard newfoundland

Question 33

what size suture is usually good for eyes?

Answer 33

4-O to 6-O vicryl

Question 34

what is macropalpebral fissure/euryblepharon?

Answer 34

excess lid length/sagging

Question 35

what is lagophthalmos?

Answer 35

inability to close eyes completely

Question 36

should you refer animals for surgery for ectropion/lagophthalmos?

Answer 36

yes

Question 37

what is canthal trichiasis?

Answer 37

"tight" medial canthus curls in hairy/fluffy dogs hair streaming across cornea

Question 38

what should you not use for distichiasis?

Answer 38

lasers, electrocautery: can damage lids badly

Question 39

when should you suspect ectopic cilium?

Answer 39

blepharospasm discharge nonhealing ulcer dorsal cornea

Question 40

is cherry eye usually a young dog problem?

Answer 40

yes get FNA if older to rule out neoplasia

Question 41

when should you refer for cherry eye?

Answer 41

bulldogs recurrent prolapses

Question 42

how can you treat everted cartilage (looks like cherry eye but band of cartilage seen)?

Answer 42

thermoplasty no longer surgery to remove part of cartilage

Question 43

when are mast cells benign and malignant in dogs?

Answer 43

benign in conjunctiva aggressive in eyelids

Question 44

are meibomian adenomas benign or malignant?

Answer 44

benign behavior but irritating to eye

Question 45

are cats or dogs less likely to have benign neoplasia in their eyelids?

Answer 45

cats less likely

Question 46

what can feline squamous cell carcinoma look like?

Answer 46

anything

Question 47

what is blephatitis/meibomianitis usually a sign of?

Answer 47

meibomian lipid abnormality