Female Sx

Question 1

What are the three types of vestibulovaginal stenosis?

Answer 1

Septal stenosis
Annular stenosis
Vaginal stenosis

Question 2

What are the three types of vestibulovaginal stenosis?

Answer 2

Septal stenosis
Annular stenosis
Vaginal stenosis

Question 3

What are dx methods for vestibulovaginal stenosis?

Answer 3

Aseptic exploration
Contrast rads
Vaginoscopy
UG and repro tracts

Question 4

What measurement is considered severe stenosis?

Question 5

What is the best dx test to determine stenosis?

Answer 5

Vaginoscopy

Question 6

What patients require tx?

Answer 6

Breeding dogs or OHE dogs w/ CS

Question 7

This type of vestibulovaginal stenosis has a band of tissue oriented dorsoventrally- double vagina

Answer 7

Septal stenosis

Question 8

What is the tx for septal stenosis

Answer 8

Episiotomy

Question 9

Which commissure is incised on a episiotomy?

Answer 9

Dorsal commissure

Question 10

What are two methods hemorrhage is controlled in episiotomy procedure?

Answer 10

electrocautery and doyen forceps

Question 11

How many layers should an episiotomy procedure be closed in?

Answer 11

3 layers

Question 12

What is an annular stenosis?

Answer 12

V-v junction ring shaped lesion

Question 13

What approach is taken if the annular stenosis is caudal to pelvis?

Answer 13

dorsal approach and vaginal resection and anastamosis

Question 14

What approach is taken if the annular stenosis is intrapelvic?

Answer 14

transpelvic approach or vaginectomy

Question 15

What is vaginal hypoplasia?

Answer 15

Narrowing of vaginal vault- occurs between vestibulovaginal junction and cervix

Question 16

What is the tx for vaginal hypoplasia?

Answer 16

Vaginectomy

Question 17

What is the conformational abnormality where the vulva is engulfed by skin?

Answer 17

Recessed vulva (hooded vulva)

Question 18

What are the tx options for recessed vulva?

Answer 18

Cleansing, weight loss and episioplasty

Question 19

What are the tx options for recessed vulva?

Answer 19

Cleansing, weight loss and episioplasty

Question 20

What are dx methods for vestibulovaginal stenosis?

Answer 20

Aseptic exploration
Contrast rads
Vaginoscopy
UG and repro tracts

Question 21

What measurement is considered severe stenosis?

Answer 21

less than .2 mm

Question 22

What is the best dx test to determine stenosis?

Answer 22

Vaginoscopy

Question 23

What patients require tx?

Answer 23

Breeding dogs or OHE dogs w/ CS

Question 24

This type of vestibulovaginal stenosis has a band of tissue oriented dorsoventrally- double vagina

Answer 24

Septal stenosis

Question 25

What is the tx for septal stenosis

Answer 25

Episiotomy

Question 26

Which commissure is incised on a episiotomy?

Answer 26

Dorsal commissure

Question 27

What are two methods hemorrhage is controlled in episiotomy procedure?

Answer 27

electrocautery and doyen forceps

Question 28

How many layers should an episiotomy procedure be closed in?

Answer 28

3 layers

Question 29

What is an annular stenosis?

Answer 29

V-v junction ring shaped lesion

Question 30

What approach is taken if the annular stenosis is caudal to pelvis?

Answer 30

dorsal approach and vaginal resection and anastamosis

Question 31

What approach is taken if the annular stenosis is intrapelvic?

Answer 31

transpelvic approach or vaginectomy

Question 32

What is vaginal hypoplasia?

Answer 32

Narrowing of vaginal vault- occurs between vestibulovaginal junction and cervix

Question 33

What is the tx for vaginal hypoplasia?

Answer 33

Vaginectomy

Question 34

What is the conformational abnormality where the vulva is engulfed by skin?

Answer 34

Recessed vulva (hooded vulva)

Question 35

What is the signalment for a patient with recessed vulva

Answer 35

medium-large breed dogs, overweight and early OHE

Question 36

What are the tx options for recessed vulva?

Answer 36

Cleansing, weight loss and episioplasty

Question 37

When is vaginal edema/hyperplasia seen?

Answer 37

Proestrus/esturs due to high estrogen levels | Young dog in first 3 heat cycles

Question 38

What is the difference between vaginal hyperplasia and vaginal prolapse?

Answer 38

Donut shaped appearance with vaginal prolapse

Question 39

What is the method of reduction with a vaginal prolapse?

Answer 39

Hyperosmotic fluids

Question 40

What is it called when there is recurrence of estrus cycle following OHE

Answer 40

Ovarian remnant syndrome

Question 41

What are the estrogen and progesterone levels in a patient with ovarian remnant syndrome?

Answer 41

Estrogen: greater than 15 pg/mL Progesterone: greater than 2 ng/mL

Question 42

Where is the ovarian remnant usually located and when can removal be done?

Answer 42

Caudal kidney pole and performed during estrus

Question 43

How can you avoid leaving ovarian remnants in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 43

After ligation/transection of pedicle, open up bursa to make sure all ovarian tissue is removed

Question 44

Term for inability to expel fetus through birth canal

Answer 44

Dystocia

Question 45

T/F: majority of dystocia cases are fetal related

Answer 45

FALSE- 75% accounts for maternal causes

Question 46

What is primary uterine inertia?

Answer 46

Parturition fails to proceed and no neonates born | Caused by oversized or undersized litters

Question 47

What is secondary uterine inertia?

Answer 47

Normal delivery of part of litter and then uterine fatigue is developed

Question 48

What are some causes of secondary uterine inertia?

Answer 48

Fetal obstruction, pelvic obstruction, fetal malposition, and fetal size

Question 49

In dystocia, patients have a lack of uterine contractions in response to ___ reflex

Answer 49

Fergusons

Question 50

What is fetal stress syndrome associated with?

Answer 50

fetal HR drop to around 140 BPM

Question 51

T/F: Primary uterine inertia can be treated medically

Answer 51

TRUE | Oxytocin and repeat in 30 minutes as needed

Question 52

How far from the abdominal wall should the umbilical cord be clamped?

Answer 52

2-6 cm from abdominal wall

Question 53

T/F: secondary uterine intertia can be treated medically

Answer 53

FALSE