fighting disease

Question 1

The human bodies features and defence system

Answer 1

1) skin is a barrier to pathogens it secretes antimicrobial substances which kill pathogens
2) hair and mucus in nose trap particles that contain pathogens

3) trachea and bronchi secrete mucus which traps pathogens and trachea and bronchi lined with cilia - hair like structures which waft the mucus to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed

4) stomach produced HCL, kills pathogens that make it that far from the mouth

Question 2

if pathogens make it in your body, what kicks in to destroy them ?

Answer 2

immune system

The most important part of your immune system is your white blood cells which travel in blood and patrol all parts of you for microbes . When they come across an invading microbe they have three lines of attack.

Question 3

When WBC come across an invading microbe they have three lines of attack.

Answer 3

1) consuming them. WBC engulf foreign cells and digest them ( Phagocytosis )

Question 4

2nd line of attack

Answer 4

2) Produce antibodies

• every invading pathogens has unique molecules on it surface ( Antigens )
• when some WBC come across foreign antigen, they produce proteins which is antibodies and they lock onto invading cells so they can be found and destroyed by other WBC. Antibodies are specific to the type of antigens so don’t lock onto any others
• antibodies reproduce rapidly and carried around body to find similar bacteria or viruses
• if the person is infected with the same pathogen again the WBC produce antibodies rapidly to kill it - the person is naturally immune to pathogen and won’t get ill

Question 5

3rd line of attack

Answer 5

produce anti toxins - counter act toxins produced by invading bacteria