File 2 - Phonetics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in File 2 - Phonetics Deck (20)
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1
Q

Palatography

A

Experimental method that shows the contact between the tongue and the roof of the mouth.

2
Q

Sound Spectrograph

A

Equipment that generates spectrograms from speech input.

3
Q

Diphthongs

A

A complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs.

4
Q

Nucleus

A

The core element of a syllable, carrying stress, length, and pitch. It usually consists of a vowel or syllabic consonant.

5
Q

Coda

A

In a syllable, any consonants that occur in rhyme after the nucleus.

6
Q

Subglottal System

A

The part of the respiratory system located below the larynx.

7
Q

Segmental Features

A

Phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, such as voicing, place of articulation, rounding, etc.

8
Q

Voicing

A

Vibration of the approximated vocal folds caused by air passing through them. When the vocal folds vibrate, a voiced sound is produced; when the vocal folds do not vibrate, a voiceless sound is produced.

9
Q

Spectogram

A

A three-dimensional representation of sound in which the vertical axis represents frequency, the horizontal axis represents time, and the darkness of shading represents amplitude.

10
Q

Voicing Bar

A

The dark band at the bottom of a spectogram that indicates that a sound is voiced.

11
Q

Co-articulation

A

The adjustment of articulation of a segment o accommodate the phonetic environment it is produced in.

12
Q

Rounding

A

A property of the production of vowels having to do with whether the lips are rounded or not.

13
Q

Vowel Space

A

Range of possible vowel sounds of a language from the high front vowel to the high back vowel. Languages and dialects choose a subset of possibilities in the vowel space but do not exploit all possibilities.

14
Q

Palatalized

A

A term used to describe the articulation of a sound which involves the tongue moving toward the hard palate.

15
Q

Segments

A

The individual units of the speech stream; segments can be further subdivided into consonants and vowels.

16
Q

Ejectives

A

Consonant sound produced by compressing air in the mouth or pharynx while the glottis remains closed, and the releasing. It is also called glottalic or glottalized sound, transcribed with a superscripted glottal stop following the segment involved.

17
Q

Edge Tones

A

A change in fundamental frequency at the end of a phrase, for example, to indicate a question or statement.

18
Q

Periodic Wave

A

Sound wave that repeats itself at regular intervals.

19
Q

Harmonics

A

Overtones of the fundamental frequency of the vocal tract; multiple of the fundamental frequency.

20
Q

Primes

A

With regard to visual-gestural languages, a fundamental element, equivalent in many ways to a phoneme in an auditory-vocal language, with the exception that primes are produced simultaneously, whereas phonemes can be produced only sequentially. In language processing, the stimulus presented in a priming task right before the stimulus of interest.