File 8 Flashcards
(40 cards)
innate
Determine factors present from birth
imitation theory
Claims children acquire language by listening to speech around them and reproducing what they hear
Active construction of grammar theory
Says that children acquire language by inventing rules of grammar based on the speech around them
Connectionist theories
Claims children learn language through neural connections in the brain
Social interaction theory
Claims that children acquire language through social interaction in particular with older children
linguistic universals
Property believed to be held common by all natural languages
universal grammar
Theory that posits a set of grammatical characteristics shared by natural languages
neglected children
Child who is neglected by caretakers, often resulting in significantly lower exposure to language as a child
feral children
Child who grew up in the wild without care of human adults, often with animals
critical period
Age span, from birth to puberty, which children must have exposure to language and must build the critical brain structures necessary in order to gain native speaker comprehension
homesign
A rudimentary visual-gestural communication system that is developed and used by deaf children when sign language is not available for their communication
High amplitude sucking
experimental technique used to study sound discrimination in infants to about 6 months.
conditioned head-turn procedure
Experimental technique used with infants between five and eighteen months with two phases: Conditioning and testing.
babble
A phase in child acquisition in which a child produces meaningless sequences of consonants and vowels.
Voice onset time
Then length of time between the release of a consonant and the onset of voicing, that is, when the vocal folds start vibrating
Canonical babbling
The continuous repetition of sequences of vowels and consonants like mama by infants
variegated babbling
The continuous repetition of sequences of vowels and consonants like mama by infants
Holophrastic stage
one-word stage
Telegraphic Stage
A phase during child language acquisition in which children use utterances composed primarily of content words
Overextension
In relationship between child and adult perception of word meaning: the child’s application of a given word has a wider range than the application of the same word in adult language
Complexive concept
A term used in the study of language acquisition. A group of items that a child refers to with a single with for which it is not possible to single out any one unifying property
Overgeneralization
The relationship between child and adult application of rules relative to certain contexts
Underextension
The application of a word to a smaller set of objects than is appropriate for adult speech.
Relational term
Type of relationship between adjective and noun reference where the reference of the adjective is determined relative to the noun reference
