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EMT refresher Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

PH scale

A

0-14
Acidic is lower
Basic/alkali is higher
7 is neutral

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2
Q

PH balance is the basis for ?

A

Homeostasis

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

Balance or equilibrium within body. Every cell, tissue, organ and system functions to maintain homeostasis.

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4
Q

Cellular Respiration

A
  • cells absorb O2 and glucose to produce ATP
  • ATP is the energy used by cells to function
  • this process can be called cellular metabolism
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5
Q

Aerobic metabolism

A

In the presence of oxygen

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6
Q

Anaerobic metabolism

A

Without presence of oxygen

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7
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

-main waste product of aerobic metabolism
- CO2 is acidic, excess must be eliminated
- exhalation is primary elimination method

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8
Q

Supine

A

Lying on your back

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9
Q

Prone

A

Lying on your stomach

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10
Q

Fowler

A

Seated with head elevated

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11
Q

Recovery position

A

Lying on left side, arm extended, knee bent

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12
Q

Anterior

A

Front

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13
Q

Posterior

A

Back

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14
Q

Proximal

A

Towards trunk (midline)

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15
Q

Distal

A

Away from trunk (midline)

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16
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head

17
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the feet

18
Q

Flexion

A

Bending the joint

19
Q

Extension

A

Straightening

20
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

Commonly called striated muscle, allows for voluntary movement

21
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Involuntary, found within (organs, blood vessels, GI tract, airway), contracts and relaxes to allow movement of contents within

22
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Found exclusively within the heart

23
Q

What does the Skeletal system do ?

A

Provides shape, allows movement, protects organs

24
Q

Ligaments

A

Bone to bone

25
Q

Tendons

A

Bone to muscle

26
Q

Cartilage

A

Connective tissue between joints

27
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Skull, vertebrae, thoracic cage

28
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Pelvis, arms, legs

29
Q

How many bones (average) within the human body ?

A

206 bones; in certain bones bone marrow produces red blood cells

30
Q

Spinal column

A

Cervical: (7)
Thoracic: (12)
Lumbar: (5)
Sacrum: (5)
Coccyx: (4)

31
Q

Atlas

A

C1 vertical vertebrae

32
Q

Axis

A

C2 cervical vertebrae

33
Q

Shoulder girdle

A

Clavicle(collar bone), scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (upper arm)

34
Q

Upper airways job

A

Warms, filters, and humidifies air

35
Q

Upper airway structures

A

Nose and mouth
Nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx
Epiglottis
Thyroid cartilage (Adams apple)

36
Q

Lower airways job

A

-Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
-Begins at bottom of larynx

37
Q

Lower air ways structures

A

Trachea, lungs, bronchi/bronchioles, alveoli (diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs within alveoli)

EMT refresher Final (2 decks)

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